Polyatomics and Acid Naming

Vocabulary flashcards covering polyatomic ion naming rules, exceptions, formula writing, and acid nomenclature rules.

Polyatomic Ion

A covalent compound that carries an overall electric charge.

Polyatomic Suffix Exceptions

Polyatomic ions that do not end in '-ate' or '-ite', specifically cyanide $(CN)^{-1}$ and hydroxide $(OH)^{-1}$.

Positive Polyatomics (Cations)

The exceptional positively charged polyatomic ions, specifically ammonium $(NH_4)^{+1}$ and hydronium $(H_3O)^{+1}$.

Polyatomic Bracketing Rule

Rule stating that subscripts within a polyatomic formula cannot be altered; brackets must be placed around the whole polyatomic ion to indicate a multiple.

Aqueous

Abbreviated as $(aq)$, indicating that a chemical species is dissolved in water.

Binary Acid (H + Halogen)

An acid consisting of hydrogen and a halogen, named using the format hydro-[element]-ic acid, such as hydrochloric acid ($HCl_{(aq)}$).

Oxyacid ('ate' form)

An acid composed of hydrogen and an '-ate' polyatomic ion, named using the format [element/polyatomic]-ic acid, such as sulphuric acid ($H_2SO_{4(aq)}$).

Oxyacid ('ite' form)

An acid composed of hydrogen and an '-ite' polyatomic ion, named using the format [element/polyatomic]-ous acid, such as sulphurous acid ($H_2SO_{3(aq)}$).

$$Na_2SO_4$$

Chemical formula for Sodium sulphate.

$$Mg(OH)_2$$

Chemical formula for magnesium hydroxide.

$$FeSO_4$$

Chemical formula for Iron ( II ) sulphate.

$$Ru(NO_3)_3$$

Chemical formula for Ruthenium (III ) nitrate.

$$Au_2Cr_2O_7$$

Chemical formula for Gold (I) dichromate.

Sodium Carbonate

Chemical compound with the formula $Na_2CO_3$.

Lead (IV) cyanide

Chemical compound with the formula $Pb(CN)_4$.