poly

VULCANIZED RUBBER

1853; plant-derivative latex crosslinked with sulfur was

introduced as a denture base material

CELLULOID

1853; nitrocellulose material was also adapted as a

denture base material.

ELASTOMERIC POLYMER

VULCANIZED RUBBER AND CELLULOID AS DENTURE BASE MATERIAL IN 1853

Polymeros

The Greek words meaning “many” and “part” from which the word polymer is derived.

Polymer

1. The long-chain organic molecules made up of many repeating units.

monomers

1. The repeating units that make up a polymer.

homopolymer

1.  polymer containing only one type of repeating unit.

copolymer

1. polymer containing two or more chemically different repeating units.

random copolymer

1. copolymer in which there is no sequential order among the different mer units.

block copolymer

1. copolymer where identical monomer units occur in relatively long sequences.

grafted or branch copolymer

1. copolymer where one type of mer unit is grafted onto the backbone of another type.

polymerization

1. process involving repetitive intermolecular chain growth.

natural polymers

1. polymer obtained from natural materials such as cotton, silk, wool, and natural rubber.

synthetic polymers

1. polymer synthesized from low-molecular-weight compounds.

organic polymers

1. polymer whose backbone chain is made of carbon atoms.

inorganic polymer

1. polymer that does not have carbon atoms in its chain.

linear polymer

1. Polymers whose structural units are connected in a linear sequence.

branched polymer

1. Polymers with side chains connected to the main chain.

cross linked polymer

1. Polymers in which adjacent linear chains are joined by covalent bonds.

thermoplastic resins

1. Resins that soften when heated and harden when cooled.

thermosetting resins

1. Resins that undergo a chemical change during setting and do not soften when reheated.

plastic strain

1. Irreversible deformation caused by slippage or flow among polymer chains.

elastic strain

1. Reversible deformation that is completely recovered after stress is removed.

viscoelastic strain

1. combination of elastic and plastic deformation where only the elastic portion is recovered.

plastic flow

1. in which polymer chains slide over one another, producing permanent deformation.

elastic recovery

1. Reversible strain where polymer chains straighten and recoil like springs.

solvation

1. The process in which a polymer absorbs a solvent, swells, and softens.

plasticization

1. The lubricating effect caused by absorbed molecules spreading polymer chains apart.