Geometry Unit 5.1

Cell theory

A fundamental concept in biology stating that all living things are composed of cells, and that all cells arise from pre-existing cells.

Prokaryotic cells

Cells that lack a nucleus and most other organelles; examples include bacteria.

Eukaryotic cells

Cells that contain a nucleus and organelles; examples include animal and plant cells.

Photosynthesis

The process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose.

Cellular respiration

The biochemical process in which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy, carbon dioxide, and water.

Mitosis

A type of cell division that results in two daughter cells with the same genetic material as the parent cell.

Meiosis

A special type of cell division that produces gametes with half the number of chromosomes for sexual reproduction.

Organelles

Specialized structures within a cell that perform distinct processes; examples include mitochondria and chloroplasts.

Homeostasis

The ability of an organism to maintain stable internal conditions despite changes in the external environment.

Metabolism

All the chemical reactions that occur within a living organism to maintain life, including catabolism and anabolism.