vital signs of all ages (bp and pulse)

Normal vital signs: Infant (1 to 12 months)

1. Pulse Range
   $100\text{ to }180\,\text{beats/min}$
   
   2. Blood Pressure Range
   - Systolic: $70\text{ to }95\,\text{mm\,Hg}$
   - Diastolic: $50\text{ to }65\,\text{mm\,Hg}$

Normal vital signs: Toddler (1 to 2 years)

1. Pulse Range
   $98\text{ to }140\,\text{beats/min}$
   
   2. Blood Pressure Range
   - Systolic: $86\text{ to }106\,\text{mm\,Hg}$
   - Diastolic: $42\text{ to }63\,\text{mm\,Hg}$

Normal vital signs: Preschooler (3 to 5 years)

1. Pulse Range
   $80\text{ to }120\,\text{beats/min}$
   
   2. Blood Pressure Range
   - Systolic: $89\text{ to }112\,\text{mm\,Hg}$
   - Diastolic: $46\text{ to }72\,\text{mm\,Hg}$

Normal vital signs: School-age child (6 to 15 years)

1. Pulse Range
   $75\text{ to }118\,\text{beats/min}$
   
   2. Blood Pressure Range
   - Systolic: $97\text{ to }120\,\text{mm\,Hg}$
   - Diastolic: $57\text{ to }80\,\text{mm\,Hg}$

Normal vital signs: Adolescent and older

1. Pulse Range
   $60\text{ to }100\,\text{beats/min}$
   
   2. Blood Pressure Range
   - Systolic: $90\text{ to }120\,\text{mm\,Hg}$
   - Diastolic: $60\text{ to }80\,\text{mm\,Hg}$

Clinical distinction between pulse rate and blood pressure

1. Pulse Rate (Heart Rate)
   Measures cardiac contractions per minute ($\text{beats/min}$)
   
   2. Blood Pressure
   Measures vascular pressure in $\text{mm\,Hg}$:
   - Systolic: Peak arterial pressure during ventricular contraction.
   - Diastolic: Resting arterial pressure during ventricular relaxation.