Intro to Organic Chemistry (Jalane made)

carbohydrates

– C, H, and O

– Sugars, grains, exoskeletons, immune response

proteins

– C, H, O, and N

– Muscle tissue, organs, hormones, enzymes, skin, hair

fats/lipids

– C, H, and O

– Cholesterol, insulation, hormones, brain matter, soap,

gasoline

nucleic acids

– DNA, RNA, genes

Hydrocarbons

compounds made of only C and H are called hydrocarbons

Alkanes

alkanes are hydrocarbons containing only single bonds

isomers

different compounds with the same molecular formula

constitutional isomers

Same molecular formula but different connectivity of atoms

Alkanes

Hydrocarbons containing only single bonds

Names all end in -ane means they are

alkanes

groups which branch off from the main hydrocarbon chain are called

substituents

substituents named with the same prefix, end in

-yl