SOR EA

Islam, Judaism, Christianity, Hinduism, Buddhism

Islam core beliefs

• judgement day

• submission to Allah

• freewill

• greater jihad - overcoming evil to do good (spiritual struggle)

• linear world view

• 5 pillars (creates credit to mitigate sin)

  • Shahadah (faith)

  • salat (prayer)

  • zakat (charity)

  • Sawm (fasting during Ramadan)

  • Hajj (pilgrimage to mecca)

Adalat

ISLAM

Allah’s divine justice → Allah is perfect and judges all people fairly

Yawm ad-Din

ISLAM

the belief that all individuals are accountable for their actions when they face judgement day

Sharia

ISLAM

Islamic law and moral guidance derived from the Qur’an

• guide to live a righteous life

Tawhid

ISLAM

complete oneness of Allah

• Allah is above all else and is the controller of existence

Islamic sacred text

Qur’an

• Allah’s direct word

• revelations (the direct word of Allah to Muhammed)

• recitations

Christian core beliefs

• linear world view

• incarnation - Jesus is God in human form

• free will

• human dignity - all humans are made equal and should be treated with dignity

• repentance

• resurrection

• salvation - eternal life with God

N&P

• judgement

• forgiveness - restoration of the relationship between God and humanity - achieved through Jesus’s sacrifice

• Grace - the inherent gift of God’s love and salvation despite human imperfections

Christianity - sanctity and sacredness of human life

every person has inherent dignity and worth because everyone is made in the image of God

IMAGO DEI

Christian sacred text

the Bible

• the New Testament contains the gospels

• Genesis is in the Old Testament

Judaism core beliefs

• linear world view

• revelation

• freewill

• repentance - repairing harm and the covenant

• sin → an act that goes against the mitzvot

• sanctity of life

• divine justice - God is perfectly fair and judges all people justly

Pikuach Nefesh

JUDAISM

Saving a human life overrides virtually all other religious laws. Adherents are permitted to break religious obligations in order to save a life.

Tzedakah

JUDAISM

• charity

• righteousness and/or justice

• social justice to help those in need

Tikkun Olam

JUDAISM

working with God to repair the world by promoting justice

Covenant

JUDAISM

• agreement between God and humanity

• God’s guidance and blessings in return for loyalty and obedience to divine commandments

Chesed

JUDAISM

God’s loving-kindness and mercy

B’tselem Elohim

JUDAISM

• (in god’s image) all humans are created in the image of God

• every human life is inherently sacred and equal in dignity

• therefore, all life is sacred

Hinduism core beliefs

• cyclical world view

• reincarnation - atman is reborn

• atman - the eternal, unchanging inner self (soul that travels through samsara)

• karma

• samsara - birth, life, death, rebirth

• Moksha - the ultimate spiritual goal and the liberation of atman from samsara

• ahimsa - non-violence

• dharma

nature and purpose:

• karmic consequences → by not following ahimsa and dharma, there will be negative consequences

Judaism sacred texts

• TaNak; includes the Nevim (prophets), Ketuvim (wisdom writings), and the Torah (mitzvot)

• Torah - the first five books of the TaNak and outlines the covenant

• Talmud - interpretations of the Torah

Mitzvot

JUDAISM

The 613 commandments in the Torah that guide Jewish life

Hinduism sacred texts

• Vedas (hymns)

• Upanishads (philosophy)

• Bhagavad Gita (epic stories and messages)

Buddhism core beliefs

• Nirvana - liberation/escape from samsara

• cyclical world view

• samsara - cycle of life, death, and rebirth

• karma

• dharma

• karmic consequences

Four Nobel truths

BUDDHISM

1. suffering exits

2. suffering is caused by desire

3. suffering can end

4. following the 8-fold path can end suffering

Five Aggregates

BUDDHISM

• the 5 components that make up a person

• form, feeling, perception, mental form, consciousness

Anatta

BUDDHISM

• no fixed self

• no permeant soul as permeance causes suffering

8-fold path

BUDDHISM

guides ethical conduct and wisdom to end suffering

all steps are interconnected

1. right view

2. right intention

3. right speech

4. right action

5. right livelihood

6. right effort

7. right mindfulness

8. right concentration

Five precepts

BUDDHISM

• ethical guidelines

• do not kill, steal, misuse sexuality, lie, or take intoxicants