Chemistry: Structures, Properties, and Measurement of Matter

Vocabulary flashcards covering fundamental chemistry topics, including properties and states of matter, science and technology concepts, atomic definition, and units of physical measurement.

Property

A characteristic that can be measured and is sometimes visible, such as height.

Solid State

A phase of aggregation where particles are arranged closely in an orderly manner with limited movement; particles only vibrate, maintaining a defined and firm shape.

Liquid State

A phase of aggregation where particles are close to one another without a rigid structure, allowing them to move and adapt to the shape of their container.

Gas State

A phase of aggregation where particles are separated by large distances compared to their size and move freely throughout the container, resulting in no defined shape.

Plasma State

A state of matter composed of electrically charged particles, specifically ions and electrons.

Technology

The set of tools, techniques, and knowledge used to modify the environment and satisfy human needs.

Science

The response to a lack of knowledge, through which an idea is tested, analyzed, and experimented upon.

Matter

Anything that occupies space and has specific properties and characteristics, formed by atoms and molecules.

Atom

An indivisible particle out of which all matter is formed.

Mass

The amount of matter contained in a body, measured in kilograms ($\text{kg}$) or grams ($\text{g}$) using instruments like a scale or balance.

Weight

The force with which gravity attracts a body ($g = 9.81$), measured using instruments like a gravimeter.

Volume

The space occupied by a body, measured in units such as liters ($\text{L}$), milliliters ($\text{mL}$), and cubic centimeters ($\text{cm}^3$).

Unit of Measurement

A set of numbers used in exact sciences to determine a fixed value of matter.

Scale

The reduction of a measurement that simplifies size.