Data Analytics Exam 2

Codifying Knowledge

converting tacit and explicit knowledge into a form that organizational members can use

Cognitive Map

A graphical representation of a mental model of an expert’s knowledge

Community of Practice

A group of people who share a common interest, usually in a craft or profession, and who interact to share knowledge

Data warehouse

A copy of transactional data (and other data) that is formatted so that it is useful for decision support

Decision table

A list of conditions and their values, along with a list of conclusions or actions

Decision Tree

A diagram that shows alternate paths that impact decisions

Digital Dashboards

computer-based systems that provide graphical views of key data along with graphical warnings when data indicate areas that need attention

Experiential knowledge

Tacit knowledge that can be shared through common experiences and interpersonal communication

Expert Systems

Systems that can help users solve problems or answer questions in a way that mimics an expert’s thought processes

Explicit Knowledge

Knowledge that can be expressed easily

Routine Knowledge

Tacit knowledge that is embedded in the organization’s practices

Systematic Knowledge

Explicit knowledge that has been systemized and packaged

Tacit Knowledge

Internalized and highly individualized knowledge that is difficult to express or communicate

Authentication

a process by which the identity of a transacting party is verified

Bitcoin

a cryptocurrency or currency that utilizes encryption based on blockchain technology

Blockchain

A network where transactions can be tracked but do not require trust between the transacting parties, thus allowing anonymity

Cipher

An algorithm used to encrypt and decrypt plaintext

DNA Recognition

A type of security that analyzes segments from an individual’s DNA

Encryption

The application of a mathematical algorithm to a message or information that scrambles that message or information to make it unreadable

Facial recognition

A type of security that analyzes facial features or patterns (faceprints).

Hacktivism

A type of hacking in which hackers try to find information that, if revealed, will advance human causes

Key Pair

a linked public key and private key

Password crackers

Software used to recover forgotten passwords or to reveal passwords to break into other people’s accounts

Plaintext

an original message before its encrypted

Risk management

The process of identifying, assessing, and prioritizing the security risks an organization may face and deciding whether to accept, mitigate or share them

Spamming

sending emails to many individuals at once, sending unsolicited commercial emails to individuals, or targeting one individual computer or network and sending thousands of messages to it

Spoofing

pretending to be someone else (or another computer) to enter a system or gain attention

Stealth virus

a more advanced virus that changes its own bit pattern to become undetectable by virus scanners

Theft and fraud threats

Threats related to the loss of systems or data due to theft or fraudulent activities

Trojan horses

Viruses embedded into legitimate files

Viruses

A computer program designed to cause unwanted events like stealing data, erasing data, and making a computer unusable, or adding unwanted code into a program or computer

Worms

Viruses that propagate themselves throughout networks with no user intervention required

SELECT

helps retrieve one or more columns of data from a table

FROM

specifies the name of the table from which data to retrieve

WHERE

clause that specifies search conditions that filter and identify which rows to retrieve, update, or delete

ORDER BY

-last clause in SELECT statement

-ordering specified by relative column position

DESC

alphabetical z to or numerical 10 to 1

SELECT DISTINCT

remove duplicate rows from query results. Only returning unique value

AS

used to assign a temporary alias to a column, an expression or a table within a query. rename a column

AND

Logical operator used in a WHERE clause to filter database records based on multiple criteria

both conditions have to be met

OR

-logical operator used in WHERE clause to filter data by combining multiple conditions

-at least one connected condition is true

NOT

used to negate a Boolean condition, reversing a true result to false and vicr versa

IN

operator used in WHERE clause to filter query results by checking if a specific column’s value matches any value in a designated list

=

equality

%

matches zero or more characters

-

matches exactly one character

[ ]

-any single character within the bracket

-represent any single character within the specified set or range

^

any single character not in the brackets

<> or !=

nonequality

<

less than

<=

less than or equal to

!<

not less than

>

greater than

=>

greater than or equal to

!>

Not greater than

BETWEEN

between two specified values

IS NULL

is a NULL value