Quizlet Ch. 1 & 2 Oral Embryology and Histology

A nucleus is found in all cells.

A. True

B. False

B. False

Which structure has two different types of surfaces

A. Endoplasmic Reticulum

B. Golgi apparatus

C. Ribosomes

D. lysosomes

A. Endoplasmic Reticulum

A fertilized egg is called….

A. fetal period

B. An egg

C. lymphocyte

D. zygote

D. zygote

Between what weeks are the tissues most susceptible to defective development when they begin to differentiate in the embryotic period

A. 1 to 5

B. 2 to 8

C. 12 to 24

D. 9 to 12

B. 2 to 8

The cerebral hemispheres of the forebrain develop into the frontal, occipital, and ____________?

A. Nasal

B. ocular

C. Temporal

D. Facial

C. Temporal

This becomes the white and grey matter of the spinal cord

A. epidermis

B. neural crest cells

C. Neuroblasts

D. hindbrain

C. Neuroblasts

This granulocyte is the most numerous of the WBC

A. monocytes

B. Neutrophils

C. eosinophil

D. basophils

B. Neutrophils

Epithelium with all cells in contact with the basal lamina, but not with the surfaces is known as ______________?

A. Stratified

B. Pseudostratified

B. Pseudostratified

What carries carbon dioxide from the cells to the lungs

A. WBC

B. RBC

B. RBC

Which organ is the largest?

A. Brain

B. Skin

C. Heart

D. Lungs

B. Skin

Where does the digestive system begin?

A. Stomach

B. Mouth

C. Small intestine

D. Colon

B. Mouth

The basic function of the endocrine system is to secrete……

A. hormones

B. uterus

C. heart

D. saliva

A. hormones

Mitochondria produce which chemical for intracellular energy?

A. ATP

B. DNA

C. ADP

D. RNA

A. ATP

Each tissue originates from mesoderm, EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION?

A. Muscle

B. Liver

C. Bone

D. Blood

B. Liver

Which chemical is called the second messenger?

A. aDNA

B. mRNA

C. dGMP

D. cAMP

D. cAMP

Which organelle produces microtubules?

A. Endoplasmic reticulum

B. Golgi apparatus

C. Centriole

D. Nucleus

C. Centriole

Which cell supports the nervous system?

A. Leukocytes

B. Neuroglia

C. Melanocyte

D. Myoblast

B. Neuroglia

Connective tissue proper is classified as ______________.

A. simple, stratified, or squamous

B. dense, striated, or smooth

C. dense, loose, or loose with special properties

D. dense, elastic, or elastic with special properties

C. dense, loose, or loose with special properties

What are the three types of muscle tissue?

A. Cardiac, skeletal, and voluntary

B. Cardiac, skeletal, and smooth

C. Striated, voluntary, and smooth

D. Voluntary, involuntary, and striated

B. Cardiac, skeletal, and smooth

Buccal mucosa renews itself in ____ days.

A. 5 to 9

B. 1 to 2

C. 3 to 4

D. 10 to 14

D. 10 to 14

Which term represents a single layer of cells?

A. Columnar

B. Stratified

C. Simple

D. Cuboidal

C. Simple

The absorption of nutrients occurs in which location?

A. Mouth

B. Stomach

C. Small intestine

D. Large intestine

D. Large intestine

Internal organs (viscera) receive most of their neural impulses from which nervous system?

A. Somatic

B. Sensory

C. Afferent

D. Autonomic

D. Autonomic

Each is part of a neuron EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION?

A. Plasma

B. Dendrite

C. Axon

D. Perikaryon

A. Plasma

Ligaments and tendons are composed of which tissue?

A. Connective

B. Neural

C. Muscle

D. Epithelial

A. Connective

Blood returns to the heart through

A. large elastic arteries

B. capillaries

C. smaller muscular arteries

D. veins

D. veins

Blood is an example of which of the following four primary types of tissue?

A. Connective

B. Muscle

C. Epithelial

D. Neural

A. Connective

Which organ system secretes and regulates hormones in the blood?

A. Neural system

B. Endocrine

C. Exocrine

D. Lymphatic system

B. Endocrine

Blood provides protection from bacteria.

A. True

B. False

A. True

Posttranslational modification to proteins produced by the rough endoplasmic reticulum are accomplished by?

A. Golgi apparatus

B. False

C. Endoplasmic Reticulum

D. Zygote

A. Golgi apparatus

T/F: Fertilization takes place in the distal part of the uterine tube.

A. True

B. False

A. True

Mitochondria produce which chemical for intracellular energy ?

A. ATP

B. Golgi apparatus

C. Ribosomes

D. Centriole

A. ATP

Which represents the first change in shale of the embryo;s body from a flat sheet of cells?

A. Formation of neural folds

B. Golgi apparatus

C. Ribosomes

D. Centriole

A. Formation of neural folds

T/F: The embryonic skeleton first forms as bone

A. True

B. False

B. False

Which organelle produces microtubules?

A. centriole

B. Integumentary

C. Endocrine

D. Lymphatic

A. centriole

Which type of bone formation occurs through a thigh matrix of collagen fibers, which slowly calcify into bone?

A. Intramembranous

B. Endochondral

C. Compact

D. Cancellous

A. Intramembranous

T/F: Endoderm and Ectoderm are the first two germ layer to develop

A. True

B. False

A. True

Which phase of the cell cycle is characterized as the initial resting stage?

A. G1 phase

B. Golgi apparatus

C. Ribosomes

D. Centriole

A. G1 phase

T/F: the foremen vale is an opening between the right and left atria of the heart.

A. True

B. False

A. True

T/F: Tissues are most susceptible to teratogens during the proliferative period.

A. True B. False

B. False

Blood cells arise from cells called:

A. angioblasts

B. Golgi apparatus

C. Ribosomes

D. Centriole

A. angioblasts

Intercalated disks are present in which type of muscle?

A. Cardiac

B. Skeletal

C. Smooth

D. Connective

A. Cardiac

T/F:Melanocytes are responsible for skin pigment.

A. True

B. False

A. True

Which chemical is called the second message?

A. C AMP

B. False

C. Endoplasmic Reticulum

D. Zygote

A. C AMP

Each of the following is a function of the large intestine EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION?
A. Reduce food to liquid chyme
B. Absorb water and electrolytes
C. Form and store fecal material
D. Eliminate solid waste from the body

A. Reduce food to liquid chyme

T/F: Bone is calcified connective tissue

A. True

B. False

A. True

Which organ is part of the lymphatic system?

A. Thymus

B. Integumentary

C. Endocrine

D. Lymphatic

A. Thymus

Each is part of a neuron EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION?

A. Plasma

B. False

C. Endoplasmic Reticulum

D. Zygote

A. Plasma

The absorption of nutrients occurs in which location?

A. Large intestine

B. False

C. Endoplasmic Reticulum

D. Zygote

A. Large intestine

Impulses pass from the CNS to involuntary muscle via the ______ system.

A. Autonomic

B. Cardiac

C. Skeletal

D. Smooth

A. Autonomic

Which cell supports the nervous system?

A. Neuroglia

B. Golgi apparatus

C. Ribosomes

D. Centriole

A. Neuroglia

The junctional epithelium of gingiva is replenished every ___ days?
A. 4 to 6 days
B. 1 to 2 days
C. 10 to 14 days
D. 21 to 28 days

A. 4 to 6

Blood provides protection from bacteria.

A. True

B. False

A. True

Which is true regarding the central nervous system (CNS)?
A. The CNS is composed of the brain and spinal cord
B. The CNS is composed of the cranial nerves and spinal nerves only
C. The CNS is composed of the autonomic and somatic nervous systems
D. The CNS is composed of the brain and peripheral nerves

A. The CNS is composed of the brain and spinal cord

Connective tissue proper is classified as _____.
A. Dense, loose, or loose with special properties
B. Simple, stratified, or pseudostratified
C. Cardiac, skeletal, or smooth
D. Hyaline, elastic, or fibrous

A. Dense, loose, or loose with special properties

All body sensations are relayed to the ______ and the ______.
A. Brain and spinal cord
B. Brain and peripheral nerves
C. Spinal cord and autonomic nervous system
D. Cranial nerves and spinal nerves

A. brain and spinal cord

Which type of tissue lines the respiratory tract to move foreign particles out of the respiratory system?

A. Cilia

B. Integumentary

C. Endocrine

D. Lymphatic

A. Cilia

The spinal cord consists of how many segments?
A. 31
B. 24
C. 28
D. 33

A. 31

Which layer of epithelium is the deepest, germinating layer?
A. Basal layer
B. Stratum spinosum
C. Granular layer
D. Stratum lucidum

A. Basal layer

T/F: the cardiovascular system originates from chondroblasts.

A. True

B. False

B. False

T cells, B cells, NK cells, and macrophages are produced in the ____.

A. Bone marrow

B. Golgi apparatus

C. Ribosomes

D. Centriole

A. Bone marrow

Each of the following is a derivative of ectoderm EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION?
A. Tooth dentin
B. Epidermis
C. Enamel
D. Nervous system

A. Tooth dentin

T/F: The ovum contains twice as many chromosomes as it parent cells.

A. True

B. False

B. False

Developmental abnormalities are not associated with which number of chromosomes?
A. 46
B. 45
C. 47
D. 48

A. 46

Which cellular component facilitates protein synthesis

A. ribosomes

B. Golgi apparatus

C. Centriole

D. Mitochondria

A. ribosomes

T/F: The umbilical system carries oxygenated blood.

A. True

B. False

A. True

T/F: Spindles present during mitosis are attached to centromeres.

A. True

B. False

B. False

T/F: DNA replication takes place during the G1 phase of the cell cycle.

A. True

B. False

B. False

How does epithelial tissue renew itself?

A. Mitosis of the basal cells

B. Simple

C. Stratified

D. Pseudostratified

A. Mitosis of the basal cells

T/F: Equilibrium is controlled by tiny organs, which are located in the middle ear.

A. True

B. False

B. False

Which of the following insulates axons located outside the CNS?

A. Myelin sheath

B. False

C. Endoplasmic Reticulum

D. Zygote

A. Myelin sheath

Simple squamous epithelium functions as a lining in which location?

A. Kidney

B. Simple

C. Stratified

D. Pseudostratified

A. Kidney

Neuroglial cells are ______ numerous than neurons.
A. Significantly more
B. Significantly less
C. Equally as
D. Slightly less

A. Significantly more

Blood returns to the heart through

A. Veins

B. Neutrophils

C. Monocytes

D. Eosinophils

A. Veins

Impulses conducted from the periphery of the body (e.g., muscles, glands) to the central nervous system (CNS) are conducted through which system?
A. Afferent
B. Efferent
C. Autonomic
D. Somatic motor

A. Afferent

Which of the following is not a major function of the urinary system?
A. Controls testosterone levels
B. Filters toxic and unnecessary substances from the bloodstream
C. Concentrates waste products for excretion
D. Helps restore water to the blood

A. Controls testosterone levels

Which term represents a single layer of cells?
A. Simple
B. Stratified
C. Pseudostratified
D. Transitional

A. Simple

The _______ provides an ideal environment for the implantation and growth of the embryo.

A. Endometrium

B. Zygote

C. Morula

D. Blastocyst

A. Endometrium

Each tissue originates from the mesoderm, EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION?
A. Liver
B. Muscle
C. Bone
D. Blood

A. Liver

Which organ system is the largest?

A. Integumentary

B. Endocrine

C. Lymphatic

D. Urinary

A. Integumentary

Which epithelium consists of several layers, with only the basal layer in contact with the basal lamina?
A. Stratified
B. Simple
C. Pseudostratified
D. Transitional

A. Stratified

Buccal mucosa renews itself in ____ days.
A. 10 to 14 days
B. 4 to 6 days
C. 1 to 3 days
D. 21 to 28 days

A. 10 to 14

Which organ system secretes and regulates hormones in the blood?

A. Endocrine

B. Neutrophils

C. Monocytes

D. Eosinophils

A. Endocrine

Blood is an example of which of the following four primary types of tissue?
A. Connective
B. Epithelial
C. Muscle
D. Neural

A. Connective

Smooth muscle is consciously controlled T/F

A. True

B. False

B. False

Mitochondria produce which chemical for intracellular energy?
A. ATP
B. DNA
C. RNA
D. ADP

A. ATP

Fertilization takes place in the distal part of the uterine tube T/F

A. True

B. False

A. True

Which type of bone information occurs through a tight matrix of collagen fibers, which slowly calcify into bone?

A. Intramembranous

B. Endochondral

C. Compact

D. Cancellous

A. Intramembranous

Which cellular component facilitates protein synthesis

A. Ribosome

B. Golgi apparatus

C. Ribosomes

D. Centriole

A. Ribosome

Melanocytes are responsible for skin pigment. T/F

A. True

B. False

A. True

Each of the following is a derivative of ectoderm EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION?
A. Tooth dentin
B. Epidermis
C. Enamel
D. Nervous system

A. Tooth dentin

92. Endoterm and ectoderm are the first two germ layers to develop. T/F

93. A. True

94. B. False

A. True

Which organelle produces microtubules?
A. Centriole
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Lysosome
D. Nucleus

A. Centriole

Which best describes diapedesis?
A. The migration of leukocytes between endothelial cells to the site of infection
B. The production of red blood cells in the bone marrow
C. The movement of oxygen from the lungs into the bloodstream
D. The process by which platelets form a blood clot

A. The migration of leukocytes between endothelial cells to the site of infection

The foramen ovale closes during the third week of prenatal life. T/F

A. True

B. False

B. False

The foramen ovale is an opening between the right and left atria of the heart. T/F

A. True

B. False

A. True

Intercalated disks are present in which type of muscle?

A. Cardiac

B. Skeletal

C. Smooth

D. Connective

A. Cardiac

The cardiovascular system originates from chondroblasts. T/F

A. True

B. False

B. False

Blood cells arise from cells called

A. Angioblasts

B. Golgi apparatus

C. Ribosomes

D. Centriole

A. Angioblasts

Which type of tissue lines the respiratory tract to move foreign particles out of the respiratory system?

A. Cilia

B. Integumentary

C. Endocrine

D. Lymphatic

A. Cilia