Rizal and the Philippine Revolution

A set of vocabulary flashcards based on Handout 2A covering José Rizal's influence on the Philippine Revolution, his concept of nationalism, and comparisons with other revolutionary leaders.

Noli Me Tangere

José Rizal's 1887 novel that exposed the abuses of the Spanish clergy and the inequities of Spanish rule, expressing a desire for reform through the character of Crisostomo Ibarra.

El Filibusterismo

Rizal's 1891 radical sequel to Noli Me Tangere that depicted the frustration of Filipinos under Spanish rule through the protagonist Simoun, who seeks vengeance through violence.

Crisostomo Ibarra

The character in Noli Me Tangere through whom Rizal expressed the desire for social and political reform in a peaceful, intellectual manner.

Simoun

The protagonist of El Filibusterismo who seeks vengeance through violence, contrasting with Crisostomo Ibarra's earlier desire for peaceful reform.

Katipunan

The revolutionary group founded by Andrés Bonifacio that called for an immediate armed uprising against Spanish rule and used "Rizal" as one of its passwords.

Filipinismo

A concept explored in Rizal's novels describing a sense of national identity distinct from Spanish colonialism, emphasizing Filipino pride in their own culture.

Andrés Bonifacio

The founder of the Katipunan who came from a lower social class with limited formal education and believed armed resistance was the only way to achieve freedom.

Emilio Aguinaldo

A key revolutionary leader and later the first president of the Philippine Republic whose approach focused on military strategy, pragmatic tactics, and armed struggle.

Apolinario Mabini

A revolutionary leader known as the "Brains of the Revolution" who sought to establish a constitutional government based on democratic principles while supporting armed resistance.

Enlightenment

A European movement emphasizing reason, equality, and human rights that exposed Rizal during his education in Europe and shaped his intellectual vision of nationalism.