12. Efferent divisions and autonomic control centers

Efferent output divides into _.

somatic motor control of skeletal muscle and autonomic control of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands, and some adipose tissue

Somatic vs autonomic

voluntary motor output of skeletal muscles vs involuntary output using sympathetic and parasympathetic mechanisms to regulate internal organs

What does the hypothalamus do?

Automatic control center

What is the pons and medulla and what do they do?

the brainstem; coordinate urinary function, cardiac function, blood pressure, and respiration

Antagonistic control

Most internal organs receive opposing sympathetic and parasympathetic influences. The net organ response depends on the balance between the two branches.