4.2 Attitude Formation and Attitude Change

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Last updated 9:06 AM on 10/17/26
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24 Terms

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Attitude
Feelings and beliefs that influence how we respond to something
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Stereotype
An overgeneralized belief about a group of people
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Explicit Attitudes
Conscious attitudes that we can recognize and report
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Implicit Attitudes
Automatic unconscious attitudes
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Prejudice
An unjustified usually negative attitude toward a group
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Discrimination

Prejudice in Action

unjustified negative behavior toward a group or its members based on race, ethnicity, gender, or another shared characteristic.

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Explicit Prejudice
Negative attitudes toward a group that we consciously recognize
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Implicit Prejudice
Automatic negative reactions toward a group without conscious awareness
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Colorism
Bias that favors lighter skin over darker skin
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LGBTQ Prejudice
Negative attitudes toward people based on sexual orientation or gender identity
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Microaggressions
Subtle comments or actions that communicate bias often unintentionally
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Social Identity
The part of our identity that comes from belonging to groups
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In-group
A group we belong to or us
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Out-group
A group we do not belong to or them
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In-group Bias
Favoring members of our own group
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Just-world Phenomenon
Believing people get what they deserve and deserve what they get
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Scapegoat Theory
Blaming a less powerful group for problems or frustrations
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Cognitive Load
The amount of mental effort being used
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Out-group Homogeneity Bias
Seeing members of other groups as more alike than members of our own group
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Ethnocentrism
Judging other cultures by our own standards and believing ours is superior
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Other-race Effect (Cross-race Effect)
Recognizing and remembering faces of our own race more accurately
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Cognitive Dissonance

Discomfort when our actions contradict our beliefs or attitudes and finding excuses to justify our behaviors

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Belief Perseverance
Holding onto beliefs even after supporting evidence is disproven
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Self-reinforcing Loop

When thinking patterns or biases strengthen one another: cognitive dissonance, confirmation bias, belief perseverance