Personal Counseling Test #1 Study Guide

Christian Counseling: Core Goals

Draw on biblical wisdom, speak truth in love, integrate spiritual resources with social sciences.

Christian Counseling: Seven Essentials

Lean on Christ, list confidentiality limits, listen non-judgmentally, look for strengths, limit advice, lift spiritual themes, learn from counselee.

SOLER: Attending Skills

Seating arrangement, Open posture, Lean forward, Eye contact, Relaxed presentation.

Ten Core Counseling Skills

Listening, rapport building, structuring, information gathering, reflecting, leading, confronting, interpreting, self-disclosure, summarizing.

Counselor Self-Disclosure

Sharing personal information to help build credibility, trust, and client comfort.

Minimal Encouragers

Brief verbal or physical prompts like head nods and 'uh-huhs' to encourage client communication.

Invitational Questions

Open-ended questions that prompt clients to talk, such as 'How can I help you?'

Paraphrasing

Reflecting basic content, facts, and thoughts shared by the client.

Summarizing in Counseling

Pulling central issues and narrative themes together in a cohesive, larger chunk reflection.

Reflecting Feelings

Connecting client thoughts with their underlying emotions to communicate emotional understanding.

Reflecting Meaning

Interpreting the deeper significance, values, and what is at stake behind client experiences.

Counseling Principles for Helping Teens

Compassion, connection, Christ-centered, confidentiality, competency-based, collaborative, concrete goals.

SMART Goals Acronym

Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, Time-bound.

Top Pastoral Counseling Issues

Marital issues, depression, anxiety, addictions, guilt, grief.

Ethical Principle: Non-maleficence

The ethical duty to do no harm to the client.

Ethical Principle: Beneficence

The ethical obligation to act for the good and benefit of others.

Ethical Principle: Fidelity

Faithfulness, trust, and honoring commitments made to the client.

Ethical Principle: Justice

Fairness and equality in professional actions and distribution of services.

Ethical Principle: Autonomy

Respecting the client's right to self-determination and freedom of choice.

Ethical Principle: Veracity

Truthfulness and honesty in professional interactions.

Informed Consent

Disclosing client rights, responsibilities, and limits of confidentiality prior to counseling.

Dual/Multiple Relationships

Maintaining strict boundaries by avoiding counseling close friends or family members.

Non-Judgmental Listening Cycle (NLC)

Open Question, Minimal Encourager, Door Opener, Paraphrase, Reflect Feeling, Reflect Meaning, Summary.

BRIEF Pastoral Counseling Model

Break the ice, Research the problem, Inquire about exceptions, Explore miracle question, Formulate feedback.

BRIEF Model: Visitor Client Role

Client has no clear goal; counselor offers hospitality without assigning homework.

BRIEF Model: Complainant Client Role

Client focuses on others; counselor works to persuade them to work on self.

BRIEF Model: Customer Client Role

Client is motivated for change; counselor assigns active homework and fieldwork.

Two Ways of Change in Brief Counseling

Behave your way into change, or believe your way into change (reframing perspective).

SFBT: Stance on Pathology

Focuses on finding solutions rather than problems; views clients without pathologizing.

Three Narrative Types in SFBT

Progressive, Stability, and Regressive narratives.

SFBT Exception Question

Asking the client when the problem is absent or occurs less often.

SFBT Miracle Question

Asking clients to envision their ideal future or a perfect, problem-free day.

SFBT Scaling Question

Using a 1-to-10 subjective self-assessment rating to measure progress or feelings.

Scripture Use Considerations

Ask permission, check biblical literacy, use scripturally, contextually, psychologically, and contextually.

Dr. Fraser's Depression Coping Strategies

Recognize God's presence, reach out to others, respect personal limitations.

Four Adolescent Depression Sources

Fragmentation, Saturation, Isolation, Expectation.

The 'Big Seven' in Depression Treatment

Medical, Physical Exercise, Balanced Diet, Re-creation/Rest, Spirituality, Relationships, Existential Issues.

Active vs. Passive Suicide Ideation

Active involves a plan and intent to die; passive is wanting to die without intent.

Suicide Risk Gender Differences

Females attempt suicide more frequently; males die four times more often due to lethal means.

SLAP Suicide Assessment Acronym

Specific Plan, Lethality of Plan, Access to Means, Proximity to Help.

National Suicide & Crisis Lifeline

988 (call or text for immediate crisis assistance).