Pearson: Chapter 2 Terms - MT

Chapter 2: Body Organization and Medical Care

abdomin/o

abdomen

adip/o

fat

aer/o

air

anter/o

front

brachi/o

arm

cardi/o

heart

caud/o

tail

cephal/o

head

cervic/o

neck

chondr/o

cartilage

crani/o

skull

crin/o

to secrete

crur/o

leg

cyt/o

cel

dermat/o

skin

dist/o

away from

dors/o

back of body

enter/o

small intestine

epitheli/o

epithelium

eti/o

cause

gastr/o

stomach

glute/o

buttock

gynec/o

woman

hemat/o

blood

hist/o

tissue

immun/o

protection

infer/o

below

inguin/o

groin

laryng/o

larynx

later/o

side

lumb/o

loin or low back

lymph/o

lymph

medi/o

middle

muscul/o

muscle

nephr/o

kidney

neur/o

nucleus

opthalm/o

eye

orth/o

straight, upright

ot/o

ear

ox/o

oxygen

pariet/o

cavity wall

path/o

disease

ped/o

child, foot

pelv/o

pelvis

peritone/o

peritoneum

pleur/o

pleura

poster/o

back

proct/o

rectum and anus

proxim/o

near to

pub/o

lung

rhin/o

nose

somat/o

body

spin/o

spine

super/o

above

thorac/o

chest

ur/o, urin/o

urine

vascul/o

blood vessel

ventr/o

belly

vertebr/o

vertebra

viscer/o

internal organ

Body Organization Levels

cell, tissue, organ, system

Four types of tissue

muscle, epithelial, connective, and nervous

Integumentary system function

serves as a two-way barrier and regulates temperature

Organs in the integumentary system

skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, sebaceous glands

Integumentary system speciality

dermatology

Musculoskeletal system function

supports and protects the body, forms blood cells and stores minerals, produces movement

Organs in the musculoskeletal system

bones, joints, and muscles

Musculoskeletal system speciality

orthopedics

Cardiovascular system function

pumps blood to transport nutrients, oxygen, and wastes

Organs in the cardiovascular system

heart, arteries, and veins

Cardiovascular system speciality

cardiology

Blood (hematic system) function

Transports oxygen, protects against pathogens, and controls bleeding

Blood contains

Plasma, erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets

Blood (hematic system) speciality

Hematology

Lymphatic system function

protects the body from disease and invasion by pathogens

Organs in the lymphatic system

lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, spleen, thymus gland, and tonsils

Lymphatic system Speciality

Immunology

Respiratory system function

brings oxygen into and takes carbon dioxide out of the body

Organs in the respiratory system

nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes, and lungs

Respiratory system speciality

otorhinolaryngology, pulmonology, and thoracic surgery

Gastrointestinal system function

ingests, digests, and absorbs nutrients

Organs in the gastrointestinal system

oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, salivary glands

Gastrointestinal system speciality

gastroenterology and proctology

Urinary system function

filters waste from blood and removes them from the body

Organs in the urinary system

kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra

Urinary system speciality

nephrology and urology

Female reproductive system function

produces eggs and provides for the growing baby, nourishes infant

Organs in the remale reproductive system

ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, vulva, breasts

Female reproductive system speciality

gynecology and obstetrics

Male reproductive system function

produces sperm

Organs in the male reproductive system

testes, epididymis, vas deferens, penis, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, bulbourethral gland

Male reproductive system speciality

urology

Endocrine system function

regulates metabolic activity

Glands in the endocrine system

pituitary, pineal, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, adrenal, pancreas, ovaries, and testes

Endocrine system speciality

endocrinology

Nervous system function

recieves sensory information from the body and coordinates response to that information

Organs in the nervous system

brain, spinal cord, and nerves

Nervous system speciality

neurology and neurosurgery

Eye function

provides for vision

Eye organs

eye