Government Test Unit 1

is a system of people, laws, and institutions that make (decisions) and enforce (rules) for a community, state, or country

Government

The main purposes of Government are to:

-Maintain order

-Protect people's rights

-Provide services for citizens

Hobbes believed people are naturally?

cruel, greedy, and selfish

Because of Hobbes belief about people:

people need a central government to maintain order

John Locke believed people are born with natural rights, including?

-Life

-Liberty

-Pursuit of Happiness

If the Government fails to protect the people's natural rights, the people have the right to?

Riot against it

Social Contract Theory is the idea that people agree to give up some freedoms in exchange for...?

social order, security, and protection

If the government violates the agreement (the social contract theory), people may choose to?

Change or replace it

After what war did Britain begin increasing control over the colonies?

French and Indian War

Colonists objected to:

-New taxes

-New rules

-Less self-government

The First Continental Congress met in response to?

The Intolerable Acts

What was the First Continental Congress goal?

Was to seek a compromise with Great Britain

The Second Continental Congress made a final effort at peace called the?

The Olive Branch Petition

The Articles of Confederation (AOC) created what kind of legislature?

Unicameral (Single-house)

Under the AOC each state received how many votes?

One

Under the AOC there was NO...?

Executive Branch and Judicial Branch

Congress had the power to?

-Declare War

-Sign peace treaties

-Make treaties

-Appoint military officers

-Appoint foreign Ambassadors

Congress could not...?

Tax citizens

Congress could not regulate...?

Interstate/foreign commerce

Major laws required ? out of 13 states to approve?

9 out of 13 states

Amendments required ? out of 13 states to approve?

13 out of 13 states

When did the Constitutional Convention meet?

1787

The original purpose of the Constitutional Convention was to?

Revise the AOC

What happened at the Constitutional Convention?

Delegates created a completely new document called The United States Constitution

The Great (Connecticut) Compromise created what kind of legislature?

Bicameral Legislature

The House of Representatives is based on?

Population

The Senate is based on?

Equality

The Three-Fifths Compromise dealt with whether...?

Enslaved people should count toward a state's population

Under the Three-Fifths Compromise, enslaved people would count as...?

3/5's of a person for representation and taxation

The Constitution needed ? out of 13 states to approve it before it could take effect.

9 out of 13 states

Federalists supported ratification because they believed?

- Division of power across 3 branches would prevent abuse of power

-A balance of central power was needed to unify the states

Anti-Federalists opposed ratification because they believed?

-the National government would mimic the rule of Great Britain

-It lacked the Bill of Rights

Agreement between people and government

Social Contract Theory

Supporters of the Constitution

Federalists

Opponents of the Constitution

Anti-Federalists

America's first national government

Articles of Confederation (AOC)

Compromise created two houses of Congress

Great Compromise

Approval of the Constitution

Ratification