kidney

The average age for kidney cancer is

55 to 60

Renal cell carcinoma and renal pelvic carcinoma is more common in men or women

Men

Renal pelvic in ureteral carcinoma tends to occur Where?

The distal third of the ureter

Renal cell carcinoma, risk factors

Cigarette tobacco use obesity, and analgesic abuse

Leather tanners, shoe workers and asbestos work

Renal pelvic and ureteral risk factors

Similar to blood, dark, cancer, urban residency cigarette and tobacco use aminophenol exposure renal stones and analgesics

The kidneys are located where

In the retroperitoneal space located between the 11th rib and the transverse process of the third lumbar vertebrae

which kidney is lower

The right kidney

What develops the kidneys?

gerota facia

What lies on the anterior medial surface of the kidney and forms a funnel shaped apparatus that is continuous with the ureter

The collecting system

Which type of kidney cancer may appear as occult Or with signs and symptoms

Renal cell carcinoma

Which kidney cancer can appear with paraneoplastic syndrome

Renal cell carcinoma

The most common sign of both renal cell carcinoma and renal pelvic ureteral carcinoma is

Gross or microscopic hematuria

Common symptoms of renal pelvic ureteral carcinoma is a

Flank mass, hematuria, pain, bladder irritation

The detection and workup of bladder cancer is

H and p

Chest radiograph, intravenous pyelogram retrograde pyelogram, CT or MRI of the abdomen and pelvis

Bone scan CBC analysis

Intravenous geography is frequently used to evaluate patients with renal pelvis, carcinoma

Renal cell carcinoma tissue of origin is

Proximal tubular epithelium

What is the predominant Type of renal cancer

Adenocarcinoma and clear cell carcinoma is the predominant subtype

Renal pelvic and ureteral carcinoma is what histology

Transitional cell carcinoma accounts for more than 90%

Lymphatic drainage of the kidney and renal pelvis, occurs along the vessels in the renal hilum To the

Paraaortic, and paracaval notes

The left kidney drains exclusively to

The para aortic lymph nodes

The right kidney drains to

Paracaval and intracaval

renal cell carcinoma may Locally infiltrate through

The renal capsule to involve the perimephric Fat and gerotas Fascia

They may also directly grow along the Venus channels to the renal vein or the vena cava

May also hematogenously spread to any part of the body

Urothelial carcinoma of the upper tract may spread by

Both direct extension and hematologic and lymphatic metastasis

Approximately what percentage of renal cell carcinoma will eventually develop metastatic disease

1/2

Reoccurrence of the upper tract, urothelial carcinoma in the bladder, occurs in up to what percentage of cases and why

Up to 50% because of either urinary distribution or a field characterization effect

Renal pelvic and ureter carcinoma often spread to which organ

The bladder

Lymphatic drainage of the ureter is segmented and diffused and involves any of the following

Renal hilar Abdominal paraortic, paracaval, Common iliac, internal iliac or external iliac

The standard treatment For non-metastatic renal cell carcinoma is

Radical nephrectomy

Early stage renal cell carcinoma may use

Partial nephrectomy or renal parenchyma sparing surgery

Radiation therapy is not commonly used for RCC because it has historically been perceived as

Radio, resistant

For patients with metastatic RCC, what is the treatment?

Palliative nephrectomy or palliative radiation and immunotherapy

Reno pelvic in ureteral carcinoma release stage tumors are commonly treated with

Nephroureterecromy With the excision of a cuff of bladder or bladder mucosa

What offers the best control for renal pelvic and ureteral carcinoma?

Chemo plus radiation therapy

What are the major prognosis factors for RCC and renal pelvic cancers?

Stage and grade

For renal pelvic and ureteral carcinoma, which histology is often deeply invasive and associated with the worst prognosis

Squamous cell carcinoma

Which Histology for RCC is associated with a poor prognosis

Spindle cell

Extension of RCC to the renal vein or vena cava is often associated with

Perirphric Extension

What is the five-year survival rate for stage one RCC and stage four RCC

Stage one is 81% and stage four is 8%

Kidney cancer staging is based on

Size

Kidney staging T1-4

T1- <7

T2- >7

T3- tumor extends into major veins or periephric tissues

T4- tumor invades beyond gerotas Facia