Tajweed Makharij

1. Jawf (opennes of throat and mouth)

(alif, waaw, yaa)

ا , و , ي

(madd letters)

2. Bottom of the throat

(hamza, ha)

ء , ه

3. Middle of the throat

(Ayn, Ha)

ع, ح

4. Top of the throat

(ghayn, kha)

غ, خ

5. Back of the tongue (touching the upper soft palate)

(Qaf)

ق

6. Back of the tounge (in front of Qaf ق) (touching the hard palate)

(kaaf)

ك

7. Middle of the tounge

(Jeem, Sheen, Ya)

ج, ش, ي

8. Side of the tongue with molars

(daud)

ض

9. Anterior/front side of tongue with the tip of the tongue touching the upper palate (behind the teeth)

(laam)

ل

10. Tip of the tounge in front of laam (ل) (touching the gums of the teeth)

(noon)

ن

11. Tip of the tongue with the top of the tongue touching the gums slightly in front of nuun (ن) (touching the gums of the upper central and lateral incisors)

(ra)

ر

12. Tip of the tounge when touching the upper central incisors where they meet the gums

(ta, dal, tā ́)

ط, د, ت

13. Tip of the tounge touching the edge of the central upper incisors

(thā ́, dhāl, thā ́)

ظ, ذ, ث

14. Tip of the tongue when near the central incisors

(sād, seen, za)

ص, س, ز

15. Inner bottom lip with bottom of the upper central incisors

(fa)

ف

16. Lips

(ba, meem, waw)

ب, م, و

17. Nasal Cavity

Ghunna

not a certain letter, but the nasal sound

usually promted by (nuun and meem) ن , م