Chem/Phys Deck 4: Electrochemistry, Redox & Electrolytic/Galvanic Cells
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28 Terms
What is oxidation?
Loss of electrons
What is reduction?
Gain of electrons
Which species is oxidized?
The one that loses electrons
Which species is reduced?
The one that gains electrons
What does an oxidizing agent do?
It oxidizes another substance by accepting electrons
The oxidizing agent is reduced
What does a reducing agent do?
It reduces another substance by donating electrons.
➡ The reducing agent is oxidized.
Which agent gains electrons?
Oxidizing agent
Which agent loses electrons?
Reducing agent
What kind of reaction occurs in a galvanic (voltaic) cell?
A spontaneous redox reaction that produces electricity
Is ΔG positive or negative in a galvanic cell?
Negative.
Spontaneous reaction.
Is E°cell positive or negative in a galvanic cell?
Positive
Which electrode is the anode in a galvanic cell?
Oxidation occurs here
Which electrode is the cathode?
Reduction occurs here
In which direction do electrons flow?
From anode → cathode
Always
Which electrode loses mass?
The anode.
Metal atoms leave the electrode as ions
Which electrode gains mass?
The cathode.
Metal ions plate onto the electrode
What is the purpose of the salt bridge?
Maintains electrical neutrality by allowing ions to move between half-cells
Do electrons travel through the salt bridge?
No.
Only ions move through the salt bridge.
Electrons travel through the wire
What kind of reaction occurs in an electrolytic cell?
A nonspontaneous reaction driven by an external power source
Is ΔG positive or negative in an electrolytic cell?
Positive
Is E°cell positive or negative in an electrolytic cell?
Negative
What's the biggest difference between galvanic and electrolytic cells?
Galvanic
spontaneous
produces electricity
ΔG < 0
E°cell > 0
Electrolytic
nonspontaneous
requires electricity
ΔG > 0
E°cell < 0
What equation calculates cell potential?
Ecell∘=Ecathode∘−Eanode∘
Which reduction potential goes first?
Cathode
Always
As a galvanic cell runs, what happens to voltage?
Voltage gradually decreases until equilibrium.
Does the cathode always attract cations?
Yes.
Reduction happens at the cathode.
Does oxidation always happen at the anode?
YES.
Always
Does reduction always happen at the cathode?
YES.
Always