Topic 4: Carbohydrates

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unit 1

Last updated 1:21 AM on 8/28/26
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8 Terms

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disaccharide

a type of sugar formed when two simple monosaccharide units join together through a covalent bond

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Starch

a complex carbohydrate that plants use to store extra glucose for energy

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monomer

a small chemical subunit that acts as a building block.

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polymer

When bonded together by covalent bonds, monomers form larger chains called

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cellulose

a linear structural polysaccharide made of glucose monomers that provides rigidity and support to plant cell wall

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monosaccharide

a simple, single-molecule sugar that serves as the basic monomer for building larger carbohydrates

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polysaccharide

large carbohydrate polymers made of hundreds to thousands of monosaccharide monomers linked together by covalent glycosidic linkages

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glycogen

a heavily branched polysaccharide made of glucose monomers that animals and fungi use for quick-access energy storage.