lifespan Development

What is the Phallic Stage in Freud's Psychosexual Development?

It occurs from ages 3 to 6 and is characterized by the libido focused on the genitals, influencing personality development.

What is the Oedipus Complex?

It is the unconscious desire of boys for their mother and rivalry towards their father, critical for male identity formation.

What does the Electra Complex refer to?

It is the female counterpart to the Oedipus Complex, where girls desire their father and feel rivalry with their mother.

What is the process of Identification in Freud's theory?

It is when children adopt characteristics of the same-sex parent to resolve conflicts from the Oedipus or Electra complexes.

What defines the Latency Stage in Freud's Psychosexual Development?

It is a period of relative calm between ages 6 to 12, focusing on social skills and relationships.

What are critiques of Freud's theories?

Critics argue they are overly focused on sexual motivations, lack empirical support, and are culturally biased.

What is the Preoperational Stage in Piaget's Cognitive Development?

It occurs from ages 2 to 7, characterized by a lack of logical operations and limitations in cognitive development.

What is centration in Piaget's theory?

It is when children focus on one aspect of a situation while ignoring others, affecting their understanding.

Define egocentrism in the context of Piaget's Preoperational Stage.

Children struggle to see perspectives other than their own, impacting social interactions.

What is the belief of animism in childhood?

Children think inanimate objects possess human-like feelings or thoughts, showcasing imaginative thinking.

What is the significance of the False Belief Test?

It assesses a child's ability to recognize that others can hold beliefs that are not true, indicating cognitive development.

What is Theory of Mind?

It is the cognitive ability to understand that others have thoughts and feelings that differ from one's own.

What are the stages of childhood development identified by Margaret Mead?

They include Lap Child (0-2 years), Knee Child (3-4 years), and Yard Child (5-6 years), each indicating levels of care and social development.

What is defined as demandingness in parenting styles?

It refers to the degree of control and rules imposed by parents, which varies across cultures.

How does responsiveness impact child development?

It refers to the level of warmth and emotional support from parents, which is crucial for healthy development.