Latin American Wars for Independence

Peninsulares

Spanish-born, came to Latin America; ruled, highest social class; ruled

Creole

Descendants of the Europeans decent in Latin America, Military leaders

Mestizo

A person of mixed Spanish and Native American ancestry.

Mulatos

People of mixed European and African ancestry

How was the Spanish colonial society similar to the French Estate system?

Hierarchy system, dived society people were stuck in their group, unfair to large groups

What event helped bring about Latin American Revolutions?

American and French revolutions

In Haiti, why did the slaves revolt?

Brutal treatment, oppressed

What was the significance of Haiti declaring independence?

First black colony to free itself from European control.

How did the events in Europe lead to a revolution in the Spanish colonies?

Napoleon removed the king , no loyalty to French King

What tactics did José de San Martín and Símon Bolíar use to defeat the Spanish?

Unified forces and caught Spanish off-guard

What does the Grito de Dolores represent?

Cry/Call for rebellion

What group began the revolution in Mexico? Which group finished it?

Mestizo, Creole

How did Brazil achieve independence?

Creoles Petitioned for independence. Dom Pedro agreed to remain and rule Brazil and officially declared Brazil independent.

nationalism

A strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one's country

Causes of Latin American revolutions

Enlightenment ideas

American Revolution & French Revolution

Strong desire for independence

Napoleonic Wars

Mercantilism exploiting Latin America's resources & economy

Inequalities in the rigid Latin American social structure

Creole resentment

Treatment of lower-class people

Effects of Latin American Revolutions

Many independent nations created & end of European colonization in Latin America

Struggles for power & civil wars break out

Military dictators end up taking control of the new independent nations - caudillos

Many failed democracies

Not much change in social status of the people

Peonage system develops & families are tied to the land

Unequal distribution of land

Increase in poverty

Latin America remained unindustrialized and became reliant on others for trade