Nocti: Computer Programming, NOCTI Computer Programming

Functional Requirement

This defines specific behaviors or functions.

Non-Functional Requirement

This specifies criteria that can be used to judge the operation of a system, rather than specific behaviors.

A typical non-functional user requirement is...

The resources needed to maintain the system.

One of the main goals in analyzing user requirements is to...

Elicit requirements from a user's point of view

Which of the following flowchart symbols indicates a question or branch in the process flow...

Decision

If a record has the following field lengths, what is the record length?

Name = 35, Zip-code = 5, District = 7

47

Flowcharts: An elongated Oval indicates...

A start or end point

Flowcharts: An arrow indicates...

A connector that shows relations between items

Flowcharts: A slanted parallelogram indicates...

An Input or Output

Flowcharts: A rectangle indicates...

A representation of a process

Flowcharts: A diamond indicates...

A Decision

In Programming interface data files, if the length of the fields is not known, a common format for the data is...

Delimited

Delimited fields are separated by...

Commas

Fixed Length fields are separated by...

Positions of the data

The source document and _____ should follow the same order.

Input screen design

The implementation phase consists of coding, testing, and...

Integration

The order of the SDLC is...

Design, Implementation, Testing, Evolution, Requirement Analysis

Reviewing specifications is the ____ step in writing a computer program.

First

Coding is the _____ step in writing a compute rprogram

Third

One example of scripting (text processing) language is...

Perl

Which of the following enables the use of "plain English" queries?

SQL

What is a correct name for a variable?

State_Zipcode

What is an incorrect name for a variable?

State+Zipcode

What type of variable contains text?

String

An example of String...

"Hello World"

What type of variable contains basic integer data?

Integer

An example of an Integer...

95

What type of variable is heavily related to the 'true' and 'false' denominations of data?

Boolean

An example of a Boolean...

Status = True

An example of loop structure is...

DO UNTIL

What type of variable is unrounded and uses values like "2.7" and "5.6"?

Double

An example of a Double...

3.756949293

Why is the following expression invalid?

A = 10 + "New Data"

Data types are mixed

An example of an integer variable...

-37

The following BASIC control statement FOR X = 25 TO 35 will cause the...

Following statement to be executed 11 times

A data element is intended to contain a range from 15 to 30 and after testing it contains 32. What kind of error is this?

Boundary

An output field has "Los Angeles" moved to it and when examined contains "Los Angel", this indicates which error?

Truncation

Which of the following errors is caused by a calculation error?

Arithmetic

Which of the following consists of a sequence of events to follow so they can be repeated?

Script

Compile errors can be caused by which of the following?

Bad Syntax

What does Maintenance refer to?

Changes to a system in operating arising from error corrections, performance improvements, changes in the business environment and enhancements in functions.

The ____ document lays out the general requirements that when changed, motivate the existence and purpose of a given code set.

Design

When writing program user documentation...

use language that is clear and at the level of the end user.

One method of ensuring that updates to documentation are efficiently distributed is to...

make changes in an online help system rather than printed sources

All computer instructions are based on four basic logic patterns. These are...

simple sequence, selection, loop, and branch

Which of the following uses three basic control structures to form highly structured units of code?

structured programming

If the memory speed of the bus is 750MHz, and the CPU is operating at twice the speed of the bus, what is the processor speed?

1.5GHz

Two types of programs that create machine codes are the ...

interpreter and the Compiler

In the order of calculations in a program...

Parentheses precede exponentitation

Pemdas stands for...

Parentheses, Exponent, Multiply, Division, Addition, Subtraction

strAdd = strFirst + strSecond does what?

Concatenates the strings into a new string

User requirements

specifies what the user expects the software to be able to do. This is the source document. The input screen design should follow the same order.

Design document

lays out the general requirements that when changed, motivate the existence and purpose of a given code set.

Functional requirements

will specify a behavior or function. Business Rules, Transaction corrections, adjustments and cancellations, Administrative functions, Authentication, Authorization levels, Audit Tracking, External Interfaces, Certification Requirements, Reporting Requirements, Historical Data, Legal or Regulatory Requirements

Non functional requirements

Quality characteristics or quality attributes. Other definition parts - specify how the system should behave. The operation of a system. Constraint on system behavior.

Performance

for example Response Time, Throughput, Utilization, Static Volumetric, Scalability, Capacity, Availability, Reliability, Recoverability, Maintainability, Serviceability, Security, Regulatory, Manageability, Environmental, Data Integrity, Usability, Interoperability

Input format

how to interpret the contents of an input field as a number or a string.

Output format

print and write formats. Automatically generated from the input formats.

Oval

terminator. start/end

Parallelogram

input/output

Rectangle

process. Either single step or an entire sub-process.

Diamond

decision.

Circle

connectors.

Requirements specifications

establishes the basis for agreement between customs, contractors, or suppliers on what the software product is to do as well as what it is not expected to do.

Software design

involves planning a software solution in a sequence of steps that enables the designer to describe all aspects of the software to be built.

Implementation and integration

brings together systems utilizing many techniques: computer networking, enterprise application integration, business process management, programming.

Testing

can be stated as the process of validating and verifying that a computer program/application/product: meets the requirements that guided its design and development and works as expected

Deployment

is all of the following activities that make a software system available for use: Release, Install and Activate, Deactivate, Adapt, Update, Built-in, Version Tracking, Uninstall, Retire

Maintenance

the modification of a software product after delivery to correct faults, to improve performance or other attributes.

Design Program Solutions

Primary storage

RAM.

Stack

Heap

Distributed computing

a field of computer science that studies distributed systems. A distributed system is a model in which components located on networked computers communicate and coordinate their actions by passing messages. The components interact with each other in order to achieve a common goal.

Data Storage Field length

the amount of characters the field can hold.

Data Storage Record length

the length, in bytes, of each record in the data set. Of all the fields.

Data formats Delimited

a character is used to separate the values (comma, tab, colon).

Data formats Fixed length

Rapid application development

a software development methodology that uses minimal planning in favor of rapid prototyping. The process of writing the software itself involves the planning required for developing the product. Follows an iterative and incremental model. Makes reusable prototypes.

RAD language

It is very quick and easy to create an application. It is paired with an IDE. C++, Java, Delphi

A code review

systematic examination (sometimes referred to as peer review) of computer source code. It is intended to find mistakes overlooked in the initial development phase, improving the overall quality of software.

A design review

a milestone within a product development process whereby a design is evaluated against its requirements in order to verify the outcomes of previous activities and identify issues before committing to - and if need to be re-prioritize - further work.

Appropriate variable names

camelCase, No reserved words, No spaces, No reserved symbols, Be descriptive.

Data types

follows what type of data it is.

Logic patterns

Simple sequence, Selection, Loop, Branch.

Structured programming

three basic control structures to form highly structured units of code. Subroutines, Block structures, Loops

SQL

Structured query language. Uses plain english queries.

Perl

Scripting languages. Syntax: Has DO UNTIL.

Fortran

One of the oldest programming languages, the FORTRAN was developed by a team of programmers at IBM led by John Backus, and was first published in 1957. The name FORTRAN is an acronym for FORmula TRANslation, because it was designed to allow easy translation of math formulas into code.

BASIC

CAPITAL reserved words, FOR TO: the TO is included in how many times it runs.

Beta

point: (# x, y: @integer #)

Unit testing

a software testing method by which individual units of source code, sets of one or more computer program modules together with associated control data, usage procedures, and operating procedures, are tested to determine whether they are fit for use.

Script

a sequence of events to follow so they can be repeated. Interpreted.

Test data

data for use in tests.

Truncation error

the data has been accidentally truncated.

Rounding error

the data has been accidentally rounded.

Run time error

An error that occurs during the execution of a program. Runtime errors indicate bugs in the program or problems that the designers had anticipated but could do nothing about.

Boundary error

the data has accidentally stepped out of bounds.

Logical error

the program produces unintended or undesired behavior. An issue with logic statements.

Arithmetic error

the data has had a calculation error.