Bony Processes, Landmarks, and Markings

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering anatomical bone landmarks, processes, and markings of the humerus, pelvic girdle, radius, ulna, patella, tibia, femur, and sternum.

Head of humerus

The smooth, rounded proximal enlargement of the humerus that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula.

Greater tubercle of humerus

The large, prominent lateral projection located near the proximal end of the humerus.

Lesser tubercle of humerus

The smaller, anterior-facing bony prominence situated medially on the proximal humerus.

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

The rough distal bony projection on the lateral side of the humerus, superior to the capitulum.

Medial epicondyle of humerus

The prominent distal projection on the medial side of the humerus, superior to the trochlea.

Olecranon fossa

The deep depression on the posterior distal aspect of the humerus that accommodates the olecranon of the ulna during elbow extension.

Ilium

The largest and most superior of the three fused bones that compose the coxal (hip) bone.

Anterior superior iliac spine

The anterior projection located at the forward boundary of the iliac crest.

Iliac crest

The thickened, superior curved ridge running along the top margin of the ilium.

Pubic symphysis

The cartilaginous joint in the median plane connecting the left and right pubic bones of the pelvis.

Obturator foramen

The large opening formed by the pubic and ischial rami in the pelvic girdle.

Acetabulum

The deep, cup-shaped lateral socket of the pelvic girdle that receives the head of the femur.

Head of radius

The cylindrical, disc-like proximal end of the radius that articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna.

Radial tuberosity

The prominent, roughened oval elevation situated inferior to the neck on the medial side of the radius.

Styloid process of radius

The pointed, lateral bony projection extending distally from the base of the radius.

Olecranon of ulna

The prominent, curved proximal bony beak of the ulna that forms the tip of the elbow.

Trochlear notch

The large, C-shaped anterior articular depression on the proximal ulna that articulates with the trochlea of the humerus.

Coronoid process of ulna

The triangular anterior projection on the proximal ulna forming the inferior margin of the trochlear notch.

Styloid process of ulna

The small, slender cylindrical projection located at the medial and distal end of the ulna.

Patella

The triangular sesamoid bone embedded within the quadriceps tendon that protects the anterior knee joint.

Lateral condyle of tibia

The broad, lateral proximal plateau of the tibia that articulates with the lateral condyle of the femur.

Medial condyle of tibia

The broad, medial proximal plateau of the tibia that articulates with the medial condyle of the femur.

Intercondylar eminence

The central bony ridge with two small tubercles located between the medial and lateral condyles on the proximal plateau of the tibia.

Tibial tuberosity

The prominent, roughened anterior elevation on the proximal shaft of the tibia that provides attachment for the patellar ligament.

Anterior crest of tibia

The sharp anterior ridge extending along the length of the tibial shaft, commonly known as the shin.

Medial malleolus

The large, medial bony prominence at the distal end of the tibia forming the inner ankle bulge.

Head of femur

The smooth, spherical proximal articular surface of the femur that articulates with the acetabulum of the pelvis.

Fovea

The small central pit or depression on the head of the femur serving as an attachment point for the ligamentum teres.

Greater trochanter

The large, irregular quadrilateral prominence projecting superolaterally from the junction of the femoral neck and shaft.

Lesser trochanter

The conical bony projection extending posteromedially from the base of the femoral neck.

Medial condyle of femur

The rounded, distal articular prominence on the medial side of the femur that articulates with the medial condyle of the tibia.

Medial epicondyle of femur

The non-articular bony ridge situated superior to the medial condyle of the femur.

Lateral condyle of femur

The rounded, distal articular prominence on the lateral side of the femur that articulates with the lateral condyle of the tibia.

Lateral epicondyle of femur

The non-articular bony projection located superior to the lateral condyle of the femur.

Linea aspera

The prominent, rough longitudinal ridge traversing the posterior surface of the femoral shaft.

Manubrium

The broad, superior trapezoidal segment of the sternum that articulates with the clavicles and first ribs.

Body of sternum

The long, flattened middle segment of the sternum positioned between the manubrium and xiphoid process.

Xiphoid process

The small, pointed inferior cartilaginous or ossified extension at the bottom tip of the sternum.