1.5.4.f. Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)

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Last updated 4:33 PM on 10/5/26
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47 Terms

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Pyridoxine (pyridoxol), pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine

What are the three major forms of vitamin B₆?

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Pyridoxine (pyridoxol)

Which form of vitamin B₆ is the alcohol form?

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Pyridoxal
Which form of vitamin B₆ is the aldehyde form?
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Pyridoxamine
Which form of vitamin B₆ is the amine form?
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Milligrams (mg) or micrograms (µg)
In what units is vitamin B₆ measured?
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Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)
What is the principal active coenzyme form of vitamin B₆?
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Amino acid metabolism
What is the major metabolic role of vitamin B₆?
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Transamination, decarboxylation, and other amino acid transformations
Which amino acid reactions require pyridoxal phosphate?
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Vitamin B₆ as pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)
Which vitamin is especially important for transamination reactions?
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Helps catalyze urea production
What role does vitamin B₆ play in nitrogen disposal?
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Essential fatty acids
Vitamin B₆ participates in the synthesis of what type of fatty acids according to the text?
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Tryptophan
Which amino acid is converted to niacin with the help of vitamin B₆?
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Vitamin B₆
Which vitamin is required for the conversion of tryptophan to niacin?
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Homocysteine
Vitamin B₆ helps regulate the metabolism of which cardiovascular-related amino acid?
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Intestines
Where is vitamin B₆ absorbed?
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Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)
In what active form does vitamin B₆ circulate according to the text?
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No — storage is limited
Does the body store large amounts of vitamin B₆?
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No — it occurs, but the amount is not significant
Is intestinal synthesis of vitamin B₆ nutritionally significant in humans?
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Deoxypyridoxine and methoxypyridoxine
Which compounds act as vitamin B₆ antagonists according to the text?
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Use of oral contraceptives
What medication-related factor can increase vitamin B₆ requirements?
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Seborrheic dermatitis
What skin manifestation may occur with vitamin B₆ deficiency?
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Glossitis
What tongue manifestation may occur with vitamin B₆ deficiency?
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Conjunctivitis
What eye manifestation may occur with vitamin B₆ deficiency?
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Hypochromic anemia
What type of anemia is associated with vitamin B₆ deficiency according to the text?
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Convulsions
What neurologic manifestation can occur with severe vitamin B₆ deficiency?
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Nausea and vomiting
What gastrointestinal symptoms may occur with vitamin B₆ deficiency?
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Depressive mood
What mood disturbance may occur with vitamin B₆ deficiency?
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Irritability, poor growth, anemia, and convulsions
What can happen to infants fed formula deficient in vitamin B₆ for several weeks?
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Neurologic toxicity, especially sensory neuropathy
What major toxicity can result from massive doses of vitamin B₆?
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100 mg/day
What adult tolerable upper intake level for vitamin B₆ is cited in the text?
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Because vitamin B₆ is heavily involved in amino acid and protein metabolism
Why should vitamin B₆ intake generally parallel protein intake?
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1.3 mg/day
What vitamin B₆ intake is listed for males 10–49 years?
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1.7 mg/day
What vitamin B₆ intake is listed for males 50 years and older?
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1.2 mg/day
What vitamin B₆ intake is listed for females 10–18 years?
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1.3 mg/day
What vitamin B₆ intake is listed for females 19–49 years?
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1.5 mg/day
What vitamin B₆ intake is listed for females 50 years and older?
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0.3 mg/day
What vitamin B₆ intake is listed for infants 6–11 months?
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1.9 mg/day
What vitamin B₆ intake is listed for pregnancy?
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2.0 mg/day
What vitamin B₆ intake is listed for lactation?
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Liver and other glandular organs, eggs, pork, fish, poultry, legumes, whole grains, and bran cereals
What foods have the highest vitamin B₆ content according to the text?
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Yes — it is widespread in both animal and plant foods
Is vitamin B₆ widely distributed in foods?
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PLP — pyridoxal phosphate
Vitamin B₆ → active coenzyme?
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Amino acid metabolism
Vitamin B₆ → major metabolic association?
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Transamination and decarboxylation
Vitamin B₆ → classic reaction types?
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Tryptophan → niacin
Vitamin B₆ → tryptophan conversion?
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Hypochromic anemia
Vitamin B₆ deficiency → classic anemia?
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Sensory neuropathy / neurologic toxicity
Excess vitamin B₆ → major toxicity?