Unit 1 Colonial Development Study Guide

Fill-in-the-blank practice flashcards covering Unit 1 Colonial Development, key people, terms, and conflicts.

Jamestown was the first permanent English settlement in North America, founded in __________ in Virginia.

1607

The introduction of __________ made the Jamestown colonists successful because previously it was believed to only be grown in Spain.

tobacco

The winter of 1609-1610 in Jamestown, marked by severe food shortages, disease, and conflict, was known as the '__________ Time'.

Starving

New England colonies had hard and __________ soil, as well as harsh winters.

rocky

Middle colonies experienced all the seasons, had rich soil, cash crops, cattle, and were located right by the __________.

shore

In Southern colonies, __________ were key to growing cash crops to make maximum profit.

Plantations

In terms of Native American relations, Southern colonies had poor relations because they tried to use natives as __________ for their plantations.

slaves

Governors in the Middle colonies wanted to keep a __________ relationship with Native Americans.

peaceful

The Pequot War took place from 1636 to 1637 in the __________ River Valley.

Connecticut

During the Pequot War, English colonists and their native allies attacked the Pequot, who were mostly __________ and children.

women

Bacon's Rebellion occurred in 1676 in __________.

Virginia

Nathanial Bacon led frontier settlers against Governor William __________ during Bacon's Rebellion.

Berkeley

Bacon's Rebellion highlighted tensions between frontier settlers and the colonial elite, accelerating the shift from indentured servants to __________ slavery.

African

Metacom, also known as King Philip, was the leader of the __________ tribe who united several tribes against English expansion.

Wampanoag

King Philip's War took place from 1675 to 1676 in __________ England.

New

A business in which investors pool money to fund a colony and share profits/risks is called a __________ Stock Company.

Joint

A colony granted by the king to an individual or group who governed it with flexibility is called a __________ Colony.

Proprietary

Puritans were English Protestants who wanted to 'purify' the Church of England of __________ practices.

Catholic

Puritans founded __________ Bay Colony and shaped New England's religious, social, and political life.

Massachusetts

Pilgrims were Separatist Puritans who founded Plymouth Colony in __________.

1620

Pilgrims signed the __________ Compact, which served as an early form of self-government.

Mayflower

Quakers were a religious group that believed in equality, pacifism, and the '__________ light'.

inner

Pennsylvania was founded by William Penn as a colony for the __________ religious group.

Quaker

The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut (1639) is often called the first written __________ in America.

constitution

The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut expanded voting rights beyond __________ members.

church

The House of Burgesses was the first representative assembly in the English colonies, established in Virginia in __________.

1619

A crop grown mainly for sale and profit rather than personal use (such as tobacco, rice, or indigo) is called a __________ crop.

cash

The brutal ocean journey that brought enslaved Africans to the Americas as part of the Triangular Trade is called the __________ Passage.

Middle

England's first colonization effort in the 1580s was on __________ Island in North Carolina, which famously disappeared.

Roanoke

Christopher Columbus was an Italian explorer who sailed for __________ in 1492.

Spain

John Smith was the leader of Jamestown who enforced the '__________ work, no food' rule.

no

John Rolfe introduced a profitable strain of tobacco to Jamestown and married __________.

Pocahontas

Pocahontas was the daughter of the __________ Chief.

Powhatan

Governor William Berkeley favored the elite and restricted __________ expansion in Virginia.

frontier

William Bradfordt was the long-time governor of __________ Colony who helped the Pilgrims survive.

Plymouth

John Winthrop, the first Governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony, described it as a '__________ upon a hill'.

city

Roger Williams founded Rhode Island after being banished from Massachusetts for advocating __________ freedom and fair treatment of Native Americans.

religious

The Duke of York was the brother of King __________ II who received New Netherland as a proprietary grant.

Charles

Lord Berkeley and Sir George Carteret were proprietors who founded New __________ after receiving land from the Duke of York.

Jersey

One common theory regarding the disappeared Roanoke colonists involves the word __________ found carved on a post.

CROATOAN