HIST 2112 Exam 4

1 m.c. on characteristics of the Cold War

• Period of political and ideological tension between the United States and the Soviet Union (approximately 1946–1991).

• Capitalism vs. Communism.

• Prolonged stalemate without direct war between the U.S. and Soviet Union.

• Included proxy wars, the arms race, and the Space Race.

1 fill-in on the name of the invisible line that divided Europe between east and west

Iron Curtain

1 m.c. on who occupied each side of Germany after WWII

• West Germany: United States, Britain, and France.

• East Germany: Soviet Union.

1 m.c. on NATO

A postwar defense organization that began with northern Atlantic countries.

1 m.c. on the Warsaw Pact

The Soviet Union's response to NATO, involving Eastern European countries.

1 m.c. on the Truman Doctrine

Similar to the Marshall Plan, but specifically directed toward Greece and Turkey.

1 m.c. on the Marshall Plan

U.S. economic assistance offered to European countries after WWII to rebuild economies, stabilize trade, and discourage communism.

1 T/F on where Berlin sits and how it is divided

Berlin was located inside Soviet-controlled East Germany but was divided into East Berlin (Soviet-controlled) and West Berlin (U.S., British, and French-controlled).

1 m.c. on Korea after WWII

• Korea divided at the 38th parallel.

• North Korea: Communist, supported by the Soviet Union and China.

• South Korea: Supported by NATO.

• North Korea invaded South Korea in 1950.

• Ceasefire reestablished the border at the 38th parallel.

1 m.c. on the fear of communism in the US after WWII

Red Scare, associated with McCarthyism and the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC).

1 fill-in on a famous Supreme Court case on civil rights

Brown v. Board of Education (1954)

• Declared "Separate but Equal" unconstitutional.

1 m.c. on the Cuban Missile Crisis

• Soviet Union placed missiles in Cuba in response to American missiles in Turkey.

• U.S. spy planes discovered the missiles.

• Created the threat of nuclear war.

• Ended when the Soviet Union withdrew ships and missiles from Cuba in exchange for the U.S. removing missiles from Turkey.

1 T/F on the Bay of Pigs invasion

The Bay of Pigs invasion was a military failure and embarrassment involving Cuban exiles recruited by the CIA.

1 m.c. on Civil Rights events

• Woolworth's lunch counter sit-in.
• Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC).
• Freedom Rides to integrate interstate buses.
• Black students enrolling at Ole Miss.
• Civil Rights Act of 1964.
• Voting Rights Act of 1965.

1 fill-in on an LBJ policy

Great Society

• Included the War on Poverty, Medicare, Medicaid, food stamps, and Head Start.

1 m.c. on containment

U.S. policy aimed at preventing the spread of communism.

1 m.c. on decolonization

European powers losing control of their colonies after WWII.

1 m.c. on the War on Poverty

Part of LBJ's Great Society, inspired by the New Deal. Included Medicare, Medicaid, food stamps, and Head Start.

1 m.c. on the Domino Theory

The belief that Southeast Asian countries would fall to communism one after another, like dominoes.

1 m.c. on the Viet Cong

VC, a force fighting on the North Vietnamese side, supported by the Soviet Union and China.

1 m.c. on the ARVN

Army of the Republic of Vietnam, the South Vietnamese army supported by the United States.

1 m.c. on Ho Chi Minh

A member of the Viet Minh who fought for Vietnamese independence from Japan and France, using communism to achieve economic and political independence.

1 m.c. on the Viet Minh

A Vietnamese nationalist group fighting for independence from Japan and later France.

1 m.c. on Civil Rights events of the later 1960s

• Martin Luther King Jr.: Civil disobedience.
• Malcolm X, Black Power, and Nation of Islam: More militant resistance and opposition to interracial participation.
• Black Panther Party.
• Native American, Latino, environmental, and women's rights movements.
• Black Americans resented the military draft while they still lacked full civil rights at home.

1 fill-in on white families abandoning the cities for the suburbs

White Flight

• Wealth moved to the suburbs, affecting school funding because schools were funded through property taxes.