Leg Muscles and Bones Block 2

Femur

thigh bone

femur head

Name this structure

femur neck

Name this structure

greater trochanter of femur

Name the structure.

lesser trochanter of femur

Name the structure.

medial condyle of femur

Name the structure.

lateral condyle of femur

Name this structure

medial epicondyle of femur

Name the structure.

lateral epicondyle of femur

Name the structure.

Patella

kneecap

Tibia

medial bone of the lower leg

medial condyle of tibia

Name the structure.

lateral condyle of tibia

Name the structure.

tibial tuberosity

point where the patellar ligament attaches

medial malleolus

Name this specific part of the tibia.

Fibula

lateral bone of the leg

head of fibula

proximal end of fibula

lateral malleolus

process forming the outer ankle

Tarsals

ankle bones

Talus

ankle

calcaneus

heel bone

tibial (medial) collateral ligament

prevents hyperabduction of lower leg

fibular (lateral) collateral ligament

prevents hyperadduction of lower leg

Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL)

Prevents hyperextension of the knee joint. (prevents tibia from moving too far anteriorly)

Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL)

Prevents hyperflexion of the knee joint (prevents tibia from moving too far posteriorly)

medial meniscus

stabilize and cushion the joint

lateral meniscus

stabilize and cushion the joint

patellar ligament

attaches patella to tibial tuberosity

unhappy triad

ACL, MCL, medial meniscus tear

anterior thigh

flex thigh, extend leg

medial thigh

flex and adduct thigh

posterior thigh

extend thigh, flex leg

lateral thigh

abduct thigh

Iliacus

flexes thigh at hip

iliacus attachments

hip bone to lesser trochanter

psoas major

flex thigh at hip

psoas major attachments

Vertebrae to lesser trochanter

Sartorius

flexes thigh at hip and knee

sartorius attachments

anterior superior iliac spine to tibia

quadriceps femoris

extends leg at knee

quadriceps femoris attachments

quadriceps tendon/patellar ligament

rectus femoris

extends leg at knee

vastus lateralis

extends leg at knee

vastus intermedius

extends leg at knee

vastus medialis

extends leg at knee

adductors

adduct and flex thigh

pectineus

adducts and flexes thigh

Gracilis

adducts and flexes thigh; flexes leg at knee

tensor fasciae latae

abducts thigh

tensor fasciae latae attachment

iliotibial tract (iliotibial band, fascia lata)

iliotibial tract (IT band)

abduct the thigh

gluteus maximus

extends thigh at hip

gluteus maximus attachments

sacrum, coccyx, iliac crest to lateral attachments

glueteus medius

abducts thigh

glueteus medius attachments

hip bone to greater trochanter

glueteus minimus

abducts thigh

glueteus minimus attachments

hip bone to greater trochanter

biceps femoris

extend thigh at hip and flex leg at knee

semitendinosus

extend thigh at hip and flex leg at knee

Semimembranosus

extend thigh at hip and flex leg at knee

anterior compartment of leg

dorsiflex the foot

tibialis anterior

dorsiflexes and inverts foot

tibialis anterior attachments

tendon attaches to plantar surface of foot

extensor digitorum longus

extends toes, dorsiflexion

extensor hallucis longus

extends great toe and dorsiflexion

lateral compartment of leg

evert foot and weakly plantar flex foot

fibularis longus

plantar flexes and everts foot

fibularis longus attachments

tendon travels to sole of the foot

fibularis brevis

plantar flexes and everts foot

fibularis brevis attachment

tendon to 5th metatarsal

posterior compartment of leg

plantar flex, some flex the toes

Gastrocnemius

plantar flex, flexes knee joint/leg

soleus

plantar flexes foot

Plantaris

plantar flexion and flexes at knee joint

Popliteus

flexes leg at the knee joint

tibialis posterior

plantar flexes foot; inverts foot

tibialis posterior attachments

tibia to underside of foot

flexor digitorum longus

plantar flexes foot and flexes toes 2-5

flexor digitorum longus attachments

tibia to toes

flexor hallucis longus

plantar flexes foot and flexes big toe

flexor hallucis longus attachments

fibula to big toe

calcaneal (achilles) tendon

attaches gastrocnemius and soleus to calcaneus

plantar aponeurosis

muscle that supports the longitudinal arch of the foot