PED 213 exam 1 BAILEYS VERSION

greenstick fracture

incomplete fracture

Occurs in children because of soft and flexible bones

Avulsion Fracture

ligament pulls some bone off

5 growth plate fractures

above

below

straight across

through

crushed/ruined

chronic injury

gradual onset, slow, gradual development of structural damage

chronic injury example

shin splints

Acute injury

rapid onset, resulting from one event

acute injury example

black eye

catastrophic injury

wildy life changing injury

catastrophic injury example

traumatic brain/ spinal injury

mechanical forces

compressive

tensile

shear

types of contractions

eccentric

concentric

isometric

mechanical forces of injury

tendons=tensile

ligaments=tensile

bones=compressive

tissues=shear

Strain

Muscle/tendon

Sprain

Ligament

6 vital signs

1) pulse

2) respiration

3) blood pressure

4) temperature

5) skin color

6) pupils

1st phase of the inflammatory process

inflammatory phase

2nd phase of the inflammatory process

fibroplatic phase

3rd phase of the inflammatory process

remodeling phase

how long does the inflammatory phase last

2-3 days

how long does the fibroplastic phases last

3-4 days to 3-4 months

how long does the remodeling phase last

3-4 months to 2-4 years

what happens during the inflammatory phase

stops damage and bleeding

reduces blood flow to the area

what happens during the fibroplastic phase

rebuilds scar tissue in the correct place

what happens during the remodeling phase

return to normal life before injury

Chemicals

histamine

hageman factor

leukocytes

bradykinin

prostaglandins

Neutrophils

first appear and reproduce quickly

begins small clean ups

Macrophages

much larger and love longer

Large cleanup crews

5 signs of inflammation

1) pain

2) swelling

3) redness

4) heat

5) loss of function/movement

nociception

neural process of encoding and processing noxious stimuli

nonfeasance

individual fails to perform a legal act of omission

malfeasance

an individual commits an act that is not legally theirs to perform; act of commision

misfeasance

an individual improperly does something that they have the legal right to do

abandonment

must provide care until medical personnel arrive, scene becomes unsafe, or too tired to keep going, showing signs of life

liability

being legally responsible for the harm one causes another person

standard of care

determined by the standard that would be exercised by the reasonably prudent professional in that line of work.

negilgence

failure to take proper care in doing something

duty

an obligation for a person to conform to the standard of care

breach of duty

a failure to conform to the standard of form

proximate or legal cause

a reasonably close causal connection between the conduct and resulting injury

damage

actual loss (damage/injury)

contributory negligence

plaintiff is found to be in part or totally responsible for injury

comparative negligence

plaintiff receives partial compensation, pro-rated to negligence assigned to defendant

assumption of risk

plaintiff must be fully informed of the potential dangers of participation

act of god

injury occurred as a result of factors beyond the control of the defendant

collison sports

football, hockey, lacrose

contact sports

soccer, basketball, wrestling

non-contact sports

softball, baseball, swimming

what is on EAP’s

those involved and qualifications

equipment

how information will be communicated

facilities

documentation

annual review and rehearsal

what is the purpose of a physical

to ensure the health and safety of a physically active individual

how often should one get a physical

annually or each level of participation

what is a concussion caused by

caused by a direct blow to the head or body

Does not have to be a direct hit to the head

heatstroke

anything 102 or above DO NOT transport

101.9 and below can transport

this needs to be CORE temp

gate theory of control

change in pressure and temperature

descending pain modulation

thought that the cerebral cortex is able to block pain at the first synapse

Central biasing

pain comes with past memories

sad soccer story

endorphic inhibition

runners high

body does an activity for so long that it doesn’t notice the struggle

endorphins released

SAID principle

Specific Adaptation to Imposed Demands

Arndt-Shultz Principle

small stimuli——mild/ no effect

moderate stimuli——best effect

strong stimuli—- detrimental effect