Ch14- Darwin's 7 Evolution Rules

Alleles

Different forms of a gene

Stabilizing Selection

The center of the bell curve becomes narrower and more steep, with few individuals are at the ends of the curve.

Hutton and Lyell

Geologists that said the earth was very old and had changed over time.

Bell Curve

A Curve showing the natural variation within a species, where most are found in the middle, with fewer at the ends

Directional Selection

A shift in the bell curve, moving to one extreme or the other.

Disruptive Selection

When the bell curve splits into to curves, where more individuals are at the end of the normal curve than in the middle.

Homologous Structures

Similar looking structures from different species. (bat wing and human hand

Evolution

Change in a kind of organism over time.

Malthus

Economist that said that war, disease, and famine will happen due to over population.

Adaptation

Inherited characteristics that increase the organisms chances of survival.

Natural Selection

Individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce.

Niche

Physical and biological conditions in which an organism lives and the way it interacts with the habitat and other organisms.

Lamarck

Proposed that organisms must be suited to their environment or die.

Speciation

Formation of a new species due to isolation.

Species

Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring.

Galapagos Islands

Location where Darwin spent time researching finches and tortoises.

Gene Pool

Combined genetic information of all members of a species within an area.

Genetic Variation

Differences of individuals within the same species.

Darwin’s first evolution rule

Organisms compete for resources, food, mates, shelter, and space

Darwin’s second evolution rule

More offspring will be born than make it to adulthood. (2/100 sea turtle survive)

Darwin’s third evolution rule

There is variation within the species

Darwin’s fourth evolution rule

This variation can enhance survival

Darwin’s fifth evolution rule

This variation can decrease chances of survival too.

Darwin’s sixth evolution rule

Traits come from parents

Darwin’s seventh evolution rule

Species may have modifications different from ancestors.