T-Cell Activation and T Helper Cells

What phagocytes do TH1 cells activate?

Macrophages

What cells do TH1 and TH2 cells activate?

B cells and then plasma cells

What cells do TH17 cells activate?

Fibroblasts & epithelial cells, then neutrophils

What does a Treg cell do?

Inhibit dendritic cells and T-cells

What cells do TH2 cells recruit?

Eosinophil, basophil, mast cell

What cytokines do TH2 cells release?

IL-4, IL-5, IL-13

What cytokines do TH1 cells release?

IFN-gamma

What cytokines do TH17 cells release? What do they do?

IL-17, IL-22, Activate stromal and epithelial cells

What cytokines do TFH cells make?

IL-21

What cells are targeted by TFH for enhancement?

B cells and plasma cells

What cytokines do Treg cells make?

TGF-beta, IL-10

Your immature T-cell gets IFN-gamma and IL-12. What kind of T-cell will it become?

TH1

Your immature T-cell gets IL-4. What kind of T-cell will it become?

TH2

Your immature T-cell gets TGF-beta, IL-6, and IL-23. What kind of T-cell will it become?

TH17

Your immature T-cell gets IL-6. What kind of T-cell will it become?

TFH

Your immature T-cell gets TGF-beta and IL-2. What kind of T-cell will it become?

Treg

What does IL-3 + GM-CSF do?

Signals more monocyte production from the bone marrow

What are the 3 major functions of antibodies?

CON

Complement activation

Opsonization

Neutralization

What 2 signals do naive B-cells need to fully mature?

1. BCR-antigen binding

2. CD40 ligand from helper T-cell OR TLR ligand

Of the antigen classes, which is the best one at inducing antibody production from B-cells?

TD

Requires T-cell for a second signal to the B-cell

How does TI-1 activate antibody production?

In high concentrations it activates TLRs

How does TI-2 activate antibody production?

Is a polymer/repetitive structure. Can crosslink a large number of BCRs and induce a signal in mature B-cells

Does the TI-2 cause an antibody response in infants?

No, because marginal zone B-cells are not yet developed

B cells can get help from T cells if they both recognize parts of the same molecular complex (T/F?)

True

B cell and T cell using the power of friendship: What’s it called when the B-cell recognizes 1 part of an antigen while the T-cell recognizes another part?

Linked recognition, or non-identical epitopes. But they don’t NEED to recognize different parts, just parts on the same complex

How do T-cells move around to B-cells?

Polarize their cytoskeleton towards the B-cell

In a TCR B cell synapse, what cytokines are secreted to the B cell?

IL-4 and CD40

What do IL-4 and CD40 do?

Induce B-cell proliferation

After activating, B cells can proceed to which 3 paths?

Germinal center B cell

Plasma cell

Memory B cell

Do cytokines from the T cell effect the isotype of antibody produced by the B cell?

Yes