Les Systèmes Hydrographiques and Water Systems

Flashcards covering key terminology, water cycle processes, conservation methods, and water treatment concepts from the lecture notes on hydrographic systems.

Bassin hydrographique

A land area where rain and melted snow drain into the same body of water.

Nappe phréatique

An underground water reserve located near the surface.

Eau souterraine

Water that seeps into the ground and collects beneath the Earth's surface.

Aquifère

A layer of rock or soil that holds groundwater and acts as a natural water filter.

3 états d'eau

The three physical states of water: solide (ice/glace), liquide (rain and river water), and gaz (water vapor/vapeur d'eau).

Évaporation

The process in the water cycle where liquid water is heated by the sun and transforms into gas.

Condensation

The process where water vapor cools and transforms back into liquid droplets, forming clouds.

Précipitation

Water that falls from clouds to the Earth in forms such as rain, snow, or hail.

Infiltration

The process by which water seeps downward into soil and rock layers.

Ruissellement

Surface runoff where water flows over the ground surface into rivers, lakes, and other bodies of water.

Transpiration

The biological process in which plants release water vapor through their leaves.

Conservation Authorities (1934)

Organizations established in 1934 to protect wetlands and rivers and to prevent flooding and erosion.

Ways to save water

Water conservation strategies including taking short showers, turning off the tap while brushing teeth, fixing leaking taps, watering plants efficiently, and running dishwashers only with full loads.

Coagulation & Flocculation

Water treatment processes designed to aggregate and trap remaining particles from water.