Matt BIO LAB

Systematics

The branch of science in which organisms are classified and grouped together.

Taxonomy

The field of systematics that is concerned with naming organisms and placing them in appropriate categories.

What is The Linnaen System

Created bye Carolus Linnanaeus, known as the father of taxonomy. The linnaen system of classification artificially groups species into categories.

Why are standardized names important?

Dichotomous Keys Functions

Identify unknown organisms based on observable characteristics.

Phylogenetics

Study of evolutionary relationships between organisms.

Phylogenetics Tree

A hypothesis of evolutionary relationships.

Gene

Section of DNA that influences a trait.

Allele

Different Version of a gene

Genotype

Genetic makeup of an organism

Phenotype

Observable trait or physical appearance.

Dominant allele

Expressed when at least one copy is present

Recessive allele

Expressed when two recessive copies are present

Homozygous

Two Identical alleles

Heterozygous

Two different alleles

Microevolution

Change in allele frequencies within a population over generations.

Natural Selection

More organisms are born to survive than reproduce.

Genetic Drift

Random changes in allele frequencies within a population over generations.

What is a prokaryote?

A single celled organism. with no membrane bound organelles. (nucleus)

Examples of Archaea

Archeas are extremophiles, meaning they can live in extreme environments. (Ex Thermophiles love heat)

What is causing Gram+/Gram- to stain different colors?

The difference in color comes from the bacteria’s cell wall structure.