FISH BIOLOGY MID-TERM

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Last updated 8:58 PM on 10/8/26
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9 Terms

1
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primitive features

Characteristics inherited from early ancestors that are retained across evolutionary history.

Ex: Placoid scales

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derived features

Characteristics that arise through evolution and differentiate later species from their ancestors.


Ex: Ctenoid scales

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neoteny

Fish originated from free swimming larva of sessile organisms becoming reproductive therefore eliminating the need for an adult form.

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Myxini

Hagfishes

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Hagfish characteristics

  1. Anguilliform

  2. No paired fins

  3. No jaw

  4. Keratinized teeth on tongue

  5. No true vertebrae

  6. 3 barbel pairs in mouth/nostril area

  7. Four “hearts”

  8. Slime glands


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Petromyzontida

Lampreys

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Lamprey characteristics

  1. Anguilliform

  2. Oral disc w/ radiating teeth

  3. No paired fins

  4. True vertebrates

  5. Keratinized teeth


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Chondrichthyes

Cartilaginous Fish (sharks, rays, skates, and chimaeras)

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Cartilaginous Fish

  1. Cartilaginous bones

  2. True teeth

  3. Internal fertilization

  4. Spiral valve intestine

  5. No swim-bladder

  6. Paired fins