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tidal volume
volume of air moved in & out of the lungs during each ventilation cycle
inspiratory reserve volume
additional volume of air that can be taken into the lungs beyond the normal tidal inhalation
expiratory reserve volume
additional volume of air that can be let out behind the normal tidal exhalation
residual volume
the amount of air that remains in a person’s lungs after a maximal, forceful exhalation. this air cannot be voluntarily expelled, ensuring that the lungs are never completely empty
inspiratory capacity
inspiratory reserve volume + tidal volume
vital capacity
the maximum volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximal inhalation. inspiratory reserve volume + tidal volume + expiratory reserve volume
functional residual volume
the volume of air remaining in the lungs after a normal, passive exhalation. expiratory reserve volume + residual volume
total lung capacity
vital capacity + residual volume