Drugs to Lower Cholesterol and Triglyceride Levels

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Last updated 4:43 PM on 7/1/26
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4 Terms

1
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Terminology

  1. Lipids

  2. Cholesterol

  3. Lipoprotein:

  4. LDL:

  5. HDL:

  6. Triglycerides:

  7. Atherosclerosis:

  8. ASCVD:

  9. HMG-CoA-reductase:

  10. Myopathy:

  11. Rhabdomyolysis:

  12. Creatine kinase (CK):

  1. all fats in the blood

  2. fatty substance used to build membranes/hormones

  3. carries cholesterol/fat through blood

  4. “Bad” cholesterol in artery walls

  5. “good” cholesterol that carriers it back to liver

  6. sugary fats stored for energy (alcohol, oil)

  7. fat.plaque buildup→ narrow/stiffen

  8. heart attack, stroke

  9. liver enzyme statins block → less cholesterol

  10. muscle pain or weakness caused by a drug

  11. severe muscle breakdown (dark urine)

  12. enzyme that rises when muscle is breaking down

2
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Cholesterol

  1. Function?

  2. Orgin?

  3. Education for diet?

  4. VLDL:

  5. High LDL and triglycerides →

  6. Goal:

  1. hormone synthesis and fat absorption

  2. liver

  3. decrease saturated fats

  4. Very-low-density lipoprotein (transports triglycerides)

  5. atherosclerosis, ASCVD

  6. High HDL/ Low LDL = Lower CV risk

3
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HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors

  1. Prototype:

  2. suffix:

  3. MOA:

  4. Therapeutic Uses:

  5. Adverse Effects:

  6. Contraindications:

  7. Drug interactions:

  8. Adminstration:

  9. Client Teaching:

  1. Atorvastatin

  2. -statin

  3. decrease LDL, triglycerides & increase HDL

  4. Hypercholesterolemia, Primary/Secondary prevention of coronary events, Prevention of MI/stroke (diabetes)

  5. Hepatotoxicity ( increased AST) & Myopathy/Rhabdomyolysis (muscle pain, dark urine)

  6. Pregnancy, grapefruit juice, asian descent

  7. fibrates, ezetimibe, CYP3A4 inhibitors

  8. Evening dosing preferred ( cholesterol synthesized at night)

  9. Avoid alcohol, report muscle pain or jaundice, use contraception

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Fibrates (Fibric Acid Derivatives)

  1. Prototype

  2. MOA:

  3. therapeautic uses:

  4. Adverse effects:

  5. Drug interactions:

  6. Contraindications:

  7. Education:

  8. Admin?

  1. gemifibrozil & Fenofibrate

  2. decrease triglycerides, increase HDL & lipoprotein lipase

  3. HIgh triglycerides not controlled by lifestyle & modest increased HDL

  4. Myopathy/rhabdomyolysis, Hepatotoxicity, Gallstones ( increase biliary cholesterol), GI upset

  5. Warfarin displacement (protein-bound) → increased INR/bleeding… Statins → increase myopathy risk

  6. liver disease, renal impair, gallbladder disease, older adults, pregnancy

  7. Report RUQ pain/fat intolerance, musclepain/weakness, dark urine, jaundice

  8. BID, 30 min before breakfast & dinner