Monohybrid

What is a monohybrid cross?

A monohybrid cross examines the inheritance of a specific trait controlled by one gene with two alleles.

What are the two types of alleles in a monohybrid cross?

Dominant (A) and recessive (a).

What is the genotype for a heterozygous individual?

Aa, where the individual has two different alleles.

What does the phenotype refer to?

Observable characteristics or traits of an individual resulting from the genotype.

What are the genotypes of the parent generation (P) in a typical monohybrid cross?

One parent is homozygous dominant (AA) and the other is homozygous recessive (aa).

What is the F1 generation in a monohybrid cross?

The first generation offspring (F1) from a cross, which will all be heterozygous (Aa).

What phenotypic ratio is observed in the F2 generation of a monohybrid cross?

A ratio of 3:1, with three exhibiting the dominant trait and one exhibiting the recessive trait.

What is represented in a Punnett square for a monohybrid cross?

The allele combinations that result from the cross, used to calculate expected ratios of genotypes and phenotypes.

What does Mendel's Law of Segregation state?

Alleles must segregate into gametes, ensuring that offspring receive one allele from each parent.

What ratio of genotypes is seen in the F2 generation of a monohybrid cross?

The genotypic ratio of 1:2:1, which includes one homozygous dominant, two heterozygous, and one homozygous recessive.