patho- STREP

strep grows in

chains

group A strep is

strep pyogenes (A antigen)

s. pyogenes is covered in a what CAPSULE that hides it from our immune system and protects from phagocytosis

hylauronic acid

s. pyogenes have m proteins that

anchor it to cytoplasmic membrane- associated with virulent strains

m proteins block binding of ____ complement protein and bind ___ portion of Ig

C3b, Fc

C5a peptidase on the surface of s. pyogenes causes inhibition of ____ which causes no ____

C5a, attraction of neutrophils

GAS: strep pyrogenic exotoxin (Spe) acts as a

superantigen - activate a lot of T cells

GAS: streptolysin S is oxygen _____ cell-bound hemolysin which is responsible for __ _____ on blood agar

stable, B-hemolysis

GAS: streptolysin O is oxygen ____ that

labile - O2 kills it, causes pores in the membranes of host cells

GAS: streptolysin O toxin is inhibited by

cholesterol

GAS: streptokinase A and B facilitates

rapid spread of infected tissues

DNase toxin does what

depolymerizes free DNA

hyaluronidase toxin

breaks down HA and facilitates rapid spread of S. pyogenes

GAS: pharyngitis s. pyogenes is _____ which can lead to

strep throat , scarlet fever or rheumatic

strawberry tongue, red rash on chest

scarlet fever

scarlet fever is when s. pyogenes is infected with a

bacteriophage

autoimmune disease from antibodies for certain M proteins

rheumatic fever (group A strep)

rheumatic fever can cause inflammation of

heart (pancarditis), joints (frank arthritis), blood vessels

GAS: acute inflammatin of the renal glomeruli with edema, loss of renal function

acute glomerulonephritis

GAS: acute glomerulonephritis is chracterized in ____ with ___ urine, initiated by ___ complexes

children, smoky, antigen-antibody

group B strep is

strep agalactiae - narrow b hemolysis

the GBS capsule has

B polysaccharide

what causes postpartum endometritis, UTI in pregnant people

s. agalactiae

main 2 virulence factors of s. agalactiae

capsule, sialic acid residue

when group b strep is acquired in. utero or at birth, it’s called

early onset neonatal disease

group b strep from an exogenous source (mother/other baby) is

late onset neonatal disease

group b strep can cause postpartum ___

sepsis

s. pneumoniae has a thick

capsule

3 virulence factors of s. pneumoniae

adhesins for colonization (capsule), secretory IgA protease, pneumolysin

s. penumoniae: pneumolysin is a ___ that activates the ___ pathway.

cytotoxin, complement

s. pneumoniae: when pneumolysin activates the complement pathway, _____ are released that leads to fever and tissue damage

il-1 and tnf-a

meningitis, otitis media, sinusitis is caused by

s. pneumoniae

most reliable test for identifying strep

nucleic acid based test

s. mutans causes

cavities, dental carries, bacteremia

s. suis causes

meningitis, bacteremia, strep Toxic shock syndrome

which strep is from wild pigs that can lead to food contamination

s. suis