Science 1

Organism

 an individual form of life- such as a plant, bacterium or animal

Cell

the smallest units that make up living things

Unicellular

organisms are made of ONE cell- bacteria

Multicellular

organisms are made of MORE than one cell- dogs, humans, plants

Sexual Reproduction

the production of new living organisms by combining genetic material from two members of the same species

Asexual Reproduction

generates offspring that are genetically identical to a single parent- cell division, starfish arms

Metabolism

the total sum of all chemical reactions in a living organism

Stimulus

 a signal to which an organism responds

Response

a reaction to something in the environment

Homeostasis

ways living things maintain stable internal conditions even when the external conditions change

Energy

the ability to cause change in matter, especially to do work

Autotrophs

 organisms that make their own food- plants, algae

Heterotrophs

organisms that must eat other organisms to get food for energy- humans, animals

Chemotrophs

organisms that use chemicals in order to get energy

Hypothesis

 a possible explanation for a set of observations, or an answer to a scientific question

Independent Variable

variable that is changed by the scientist

Dependent Variable

variable that changes depending on the independent variable

Control Variable

variables that remain unchanged

Control Group

a group that is not changed, or experimented

Taxonomy

the scientific study of how organisms are named and classified into groups based on shared traits

Classification

the grouping of things based on similarities and shared traits

Binomial Nomenclature

two name system

Domain

the largest, most inclusive level of organization for organisms

Genus

a group of closely related organisms

Species

a group of similar organisms that can mate with each other and produce offspring that can also mate and reproduce

What are the 8 Characteristics of Living Things?

Made of cells, Reproduce, based on DNA

4- Grow and Develop 

5- Obtain and Use Energy

6- Respond to the Environment

7- Maintain Homeostasis

8- Adapt and Evolve

Are viruses alive?

No because they don't have all eight characteristics of living things, No cells, cant reproduce on their own, dont grow and devolp, dont use energy, no homestasis

Explain homeostasis in your own words

the process by which an organism keeps its internal environment stable, even when conditions outside its body change (ex: your body sweating  to keep it cool)

What are the 3 needs of Living Things?

Water, Food, Living space

What are two reasons water is an important need of living things?

Most chemical reactions in living things take place in water and living things are made up mostly of water (55-75%)

What are the 6 steps of the Scientific Method?

Ask a question, Do research and make a hypothesis, Design and do an experiment, Collect and analyze data, Draw/ make a conclusion, Communicate the results

In an experiment, why is it important to control all variables except one?

you can determine whether there was a change in the dependent variable and observe the results

What were the variables in the Cricket Chirp lab?

the temperature, the crickets

Why do biologists use classification to organize living things into groups?

helps identify unknown species, universal name and understanding of an organism, understanding relationships between organisms

What are the 8 levels of classification of living things?

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Metaphor for classification of living things

Dear King Philip Came Over For Great Soup