Physics word equations

GCSE physics equations

Density

mass / volume

Average speed

total distance / total time

Acceleration

change in velocity / time taken

Weight

mass × gravitational field strength

Spring force

spring constant × extension

Resultant force

mass × acceleration

Moment

force × perpendicular distance to pivot

Momentum

mass × velocity

Impulse

change in momentum

Kinetic energy

1/2 × mass × speed²

Change in gravitational potential energy

mass × gravitational field strength × change in height

Work done

force × distance moved in the direction of force

Power

energy / time

Efficiency

useful energy output / energy input × 100%

Pressure

force / area

Pressure in fluid

density × gravitational field strength × depth

Boyle's law

pressure × volume

Combined gas law

p₁V₁/T₁

Thermal capacity

mass × specific heat capacity

Change in energy (heat)

mass × specific heat capacity × temperature change

Latent heat energy change

mass × specific latent heat

Charge

current × time

Potential difference

energy / charge

Potential difference

current × resistance

Power

current × potential difference

Energy converted

current × potential difference × time

Resistors in series

sum of resistances (R₁ + R₂ + ...)