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Density
mass / volume
Average speed
total distance / total time
Acceleration
change in velocity / time taken
Weight
mass × gravitational field strength
Spring force
spring constant × extension
Resultant force
mass × acceleration
Moment
force × perpendicular distance to pivot
Momentum
mass × velocity
Impulse
change in momentum
Kinetic energy
1/2 × mass × speed²
Change in gravitational potential energy
mass × gravitational field strength × change in height
Work done
force × distance moved in the direction of force
Power
energy / time
Efficiency
useful energy output / energy input × 100%
Pressure
force / area
Pressure in fluid
density × gravitational field strength × depth
Boyle's law
pressure × volume
Combined gas law
p₁V₁/T₁
Thermal capacity
mass × specific heat capacity
Change in energy (heat)
mass × specific heat capacity × temperature change
Latent heat energy change
mass × specific latent heat
Charge
current × time
Potential difference
energy / charge
Potential difference
current × resistance
Power
current × potential difference
Energy converted
current × potential difference × time
Resistors in series
sum of resistances (R₁ + R₂ + ...)
