Readings in Philippine History Vocabulary Flashcards

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering core terms, key figures, historical documents, and historiographical concepts from Readings in Philippine History.

Historia

The Greek word meaning inquiry or knowledge derived from investigation, serving as the root term for history.

Historiography

The study of how, what, and why history is written, encompassing the methods, practices, and philosophy of historical writing.

Primary Sources

Firsthand accounts or original materials produced at the time of an event, signed with the correct date, and providing direct, trustworthy evidence.

Secondary Sources

Historical materials based on primary sources that evaluate, analyze, and interpret past events, produced long after the events occurred.

External Criticism vs. Internal Criticism

External criticism analyzes a primary document's physical integrity, origin, author, date, and locale to establish authenticity; internal criticism evaluates the content, literal meaning, bias, and consistency to establish truthfulness and context.

National Archives of the Philippines (NAP)

Government repository established under Republic Act No. 9470 on May 21, 2007, which stores and preserves approximately 60 million archival documents including the Spanish Collection.

Laguna Copperplate Inscription (LCI)

The earliest known Philippine historical document found locally, discovered in 1989 in Lumbang, Laguna, dating to Saka-year 822 (900 A.D.).

Early Kawi Script

An indigenous script originating from Java, Indonesia, used in writing the Laguna Copperplate Inscription, predating Baybayin in the Philippines.

Antoon Postma

Dutch researcher who authored an original interpretation of the Laguna Copperplate Inscription placing location names along the Angat River-Pampanga River-Manila Bay complex.

Barangay

A 16th-century native term derived from 'balangay' (boat), referring both to a watercraft and to the smallest political unit in Tagalog society ruled by a datu.

Ruy Lopez de Villalobos

Spanish explorer who bestowed the name 'Filipinas' in 1542, initially referring specifically to the islands of Leyte and Samar.

Emilio Jacinto

A 19-year-old law student known as the 'Brains of the Katipunan' and adviser to Andres Bonifacio, who wrote the Kartilya ng Katipunan.

Kartilya ng Katipunan

A foundational document containing 14 principles outlining moral, civic, and ethical codes of conduct for members of the Katipunan.

Tejeros Convention

A meeting held on March 22, 1897, where revolutionary leaders voted to replace the Katipunan with a new government, electing Emilio Aguinaldo as President.

Acta de Tejeros

A document drafted by Andres Bonifacio and his followers declaring the proceedings and election results of the Tejeros Convention to be invalid.

Dasalan at Tocsohan

A satirical work authored by Marcelo H. del Pilar that parodied Catholic prayers to criticize friar abuse, greed, and hypocritical practices in the Philippines.

Aba Ginoong Barya

A parody of the Hail Mary prayer within 'Dasalan at Tocsohan' that venerated money to highlight the financial greed of Spanish friars.

Friarocracy

A system of governance and social dominance in the Philippines where Spanish friars exerted overwhelming political, religious, and economic control.

Pantayong Pananaw

A historiographical perspective developed by Dr. Zeus Salazar emphasizing internal cultural connections, native language ('tayo'), and localized discourse among Filipinos.

Cavite Mutiny

An 1872 uprising in the Cavite arsenal triggered by the withdrawal of worker privileges, which Spanish authorities framed as a major conspiracy, leading to the execution of GOMBURZA.

GOMBURZA Execution

The execution of secular priests Fathers Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora on February 17, 1872, which galvanized Filipino national consciousness.

Fr. Manuel Garcia, CM

The priest who discovered the alleged original manuscript of Jose Rizal's retraction document on May 18, 1935.

Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa

A patriotic poem written by Andres Bonifacio and published in Kalayaan (March 1896) under the pseudonym 'A.I.B.' (Agapito Bagumbayan).