Respiratory system

7 functions of respiratory system

Gas exchange btwn air & blood, moving air in & out of lungs, protection of respiratory surfaces, sounds/speech, smell, acid-base balance, angiotensin II formation

Structural divisions of respiratory system

Upper respiratory: above larynx
Lower respiratory system: below larynx

Organs in the upper respiratory system (in order of airflow)

Nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx

Organs in the lower respiratory system (in order of airflow)

Trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs, alveoli

What are the types of bronchi?

Main/primary, secondary/lobar & tertiary/segmental bronchi

After what organ does the bronchial tree begin?

Trachea

What are the functional divisions of the respiratory organs?

Conduction zone (transportation of air), respiratory zone (gas exchange)

What organs are part of the respiratory zone?

Respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs, alveoli

What do the olfactory vs respiratory mucosa cover?

Roof & superior conchae of the nasal cavity
entire respiratory tract

What kind of tissue composes the respiratory mucosa?

Pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium

What is the function of cilia in the respiratory mucosa?

Moves mucus back towards throat

What are the four functions of mucosa in the respiratory system?

Passageway for air, humidifies & warms the air, olfaction, phonation

What are the three parts of the pharaynx?

Nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx

What type of cartilage composes the adam’s apple?

Thyroid cartilage

What is the function of the epiglottis?

Covers entrance of the larynx during swallowing

What is the function of the arytenoid cartilage?

Can tighten or distance vocal cords to adjust pitch

What is the name of the “false vocal cords” and how are they positioned in relation to the true vocal cords?

Vestibular folds; superior

What is the function of the vestibular ligaments?

Protect vocal folds

What is the most common type of cartilage?

hyaline