U.S. History Unit 2: English Settlement and the French and Indian War

Fill-in-the-blank review cards covering early English settlements, the New England, Middle, and Southern colonies, slavery and the Middle Passage, the Great Awakening, the Enlightenment, and the French and Indian War.

The first permanent English settlement in the New World was __________, located in the colony of Virginia.

Jamestown

In Jamestown, __________ became a huge cash crop.

Tobacco

In the colony of Virginia, the __________ Tribe fought with colonists over land.

Powhatan

Plymouth was formed in Massachusetts by Pilgrims who were __________, meaning they wanted to break away from the Church of England.

separatists

Before settling Plymouth, the Pilgrims sailed on the Mayflower and created the __________ as a set of laws to guide them.

Mayflower Compact

Unlike the Pilgrims, the founders of Massachusetts Bay were __________, who disagreed with the Church of England but were not separatists.

Puritans

Colonies such as Connecticut and __________ were established when individuals were kicked out for disagreeing with the Puritan church.

Rhode Island

Puritan church membership eventually declined primarily due to a lack of __________.

religious tolerance

A __________ is defined as a large territory controlled by a distant nation, while a settlement is a town or community inside it.

colony

Due to cold weather and poor land, colonists in New England relied on __________ farming.

subsistence

New England colonists demonstrated their value of education by establishing schools and using __________.

hornbooks

The amount of money New England received was limited by laws put in place by England known as the __________.

Navigation Acts

The Middle Colonies included New York, New Jersey, Delaware, and Pennsylvania; the __________ were originally from Pennsylvania and believed in religious tolerance.

Quakers

In the Middle Colonies, mild climate and good soil supported the growing of crops and grains/wheat processed in __________.

grist mills

Unlike the Middle Colonies where enslaved people often worked inside homes, the Southern Colonies forced many slaves to work on large __________.

plantations

In the Southern Colonies, the warm climate helped colonists grow cash crops such as rice and __________.

tobacco

Across all thirteen colonies, the right to vote was strictly limited to __________ men who owned land.

White, Protestant

The horrific conditions of the Middle Passage were notably documented and described by a former enslaved man named __________.

Olaudah Equiano

An armed rebellion staged by enslaved people to fight back against enslavers that resulted in increased restrictions was the __________.

Stono Rebellion

The Great Awakening began in the colonies as an attempt to inspire people to repair their relationship with God through sermons, led by figures like __________.

Jonathan Edwards

The __________, which began in Europe and included thinker John Locke, encouraged colonists to use science and logic to make decisions.

Enlightenment

Before the French and Indian War, the __________ was formulated as an attempt to unite the colonies.

Albany plan of Union

During the French and Indian War, the British were defeated by the French after being unprepared at the Battle of __________.

Monongahela

The British won the Battle of __________ after gaining more money and soldiers, alongside Native tribes joining forces with them.

Quebec

The British won the entire French and Indian War after their victory at the Battle of __________.

Montreal

The French and Indian War was officially concluded by the __________, which stripped France of all its territory and power in North America.

Treaty of Paris of 1763

Under the terms ending the French and Indian War, Great Britain gained Canada and all land east of the Mississippi, while Spain received New Orleans and land __________.

west of the Mississippi