GCD 3022 lecture 5

genetics

Ways to identify a chromosome

Through staining (adding contrast), through karotype analysis to identify change in numbers, differences in G-banding patterns to detect changes in structure

How can chromosome structure change

in total amount of material and through rearrangement

chromosomal deletion

result of a break or recombination causing loss of genes

chromosomal duplication

usually caused by incorrect crossing over event result in duplicated sequence

an inversion

rearrangement of genetic material where a segment of DNA has been flipped in opposite direction

Translocation

Abnormality where segment of chromosome breaks and joins another

euploid

organisms that have a chromosome number that has the correct number of chromosome in their sets

aneuploidy

a change in the number of a specific chromosome

trimosomic

extra copy of one chromosome

monosomic

missing copy of onw chromosome

what percent of fertiliazed eggs contain ab abnormal chromosome number

5-10%

Meiotic nondisjunction

produces haploid cells with too many or too few chromosomes