Human Digestive System and Alimentary Canal Anatomy

Vocabulary flashcards covering the human alimentary canal pathway, small intestine subdivisions, fluid volumes, and large intestine anatomy.

Human Alimentary Canal Pathway

The sequence of structures through which food passes: Mouth $\rightarrow$ Esophagus $\rightarrow$ Stomach $\rightarrow$ Small intestine $\rightarrow$ Large intestine $\rightarrow$ Rectum $\rightarrow$ Anus.

Small Intestine

The longest section of the alimentary canal and the major organ responsible for the digestion and absorption of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

Subdivisions of the Small Intestine

The three subdivisions of the small intestine: Duodenum, Jejunum, and Ileum.

Duodenum

The first subdivision of the small intestine.

Jejunum

The second subdivision of the small intestine.

Ileum

The third subdivision of the small intestine.

Fluid Processing in the Small Intestine

The small intestine is presented with $9\,\text{liter}$ of fluid, of which $1\text{--}2\,\text{liter}$ passes onto the colon.

Large Intestine

The portion of the digestive tract extending from the ileocecal sphincter to the anus.

Cecum

One of the subdivisions of the large intestine.

Ileocecal Sphincter

The sphincter from which the large intestine extends down to the anus.

Salivary Glands

Glands located in the digestive system that consist of three pairs.