Workbook Questions & Exercises (6-9)

Anatomy is the study of

form and structure

Physiology is the study of

function

The imaginary line that divides the body into upper and lower portions is the

horizontal

The imaginary line that divides the body into equal right and left halves is the

midsagittal

_____ is the portion of the cell that carries genetic information.

Nucleus

Body tissues that bind and support other tissues are

connective

The organizational levels of the body are cells, tissues, organs, and

systems

The two major cavities in the body are

dorsal and ventral

The axial portion of the body consists of the

all of the options

The appendicular portion of the body consists of the

arms and legs

What is the simplest organizational level of the human body?

Cells

The federal government’s lead agency for scientific research on oral, dental, and craniofacial disease is the

NIDCR

What cavity is 1?

ventral cavity

What cavity is 2?

abdominopelvic cavity

What cavity is 3?

thoracic cavity

What cavity is 4?

abdominal cavity

What cavity is 5?

pelvic cavity

What cavity is 6?

cranial cavity

What cavity is 7?

spinal cavity

What cavity is 8?

dorsal cavity

What’s the directional term for 1?

superior

What’s the directional term for 2?

posterior

What’s the directional term for 3?

anterior

What’s the directional term for 4?

proximal

What’s the directional term for 5?

distal

What’s the directional term for 13?

inferior

What’s the directional term for 6?

lateral

What’s the directional term for 8?

medial

Which numbers are the frontal planes? (___ and ___)

7 and 10

Which number is the sagittal planes?

9

Which number is the transverse planes?

11

Which number is the oblique planes?

12

The skeleton is divided into axial and ___ sections.

appendicular

The connective tissue that covers all bones is the

periosteum

The two types of bone are compact and

cancellous

Cartilage is found

where bones join

Which of the following is/are type(s) of muscle tissue?

all of the options

Which muscle is striated in appearance but resembles smooth muscle in action?

cardiac

Which of the following is a muscular disorder?

contusion

A function of the circulatory system is

to transport nutrients and oxygen to body cells and to regulate body temperature and chemical stability

The heart chambers consist of the atria and

ventricles

Which of the following is/are functions of a blood vessel?

all of the above

The primary function of the lymph system is to

rid body of toxins, waste, and harmful microorganisms

What make(s) up the lymph system?

all of the options

The _____ in the CNS is considered the communication between the brain and the body.

spinal cord

The peripheral nervous system is divided into the autonomic and ____ nervous systems.

somatic

The type of neuron that carries impulses toward the brain and spinal cord is

sensory

The main function of the respiratory system is

to deliver oxygen to the body

What is the role of the digestive system?

It breaks down the food you eat for energy.

Which is not an action of the digestive system?

Sensory function

The primary function of the endocrine system is to

regulate the body’s activities with hormones

The primary function of the urinary system is to

eliminate waste from the body

Which body system includes the skin?

Integumentary

Which of the following is an example of an appendage?

all of the options

Name the first period of prenatal development.

Preimplantation period

Which period of prenatal development is the most critical?

Embryonic period

The embryonic layer that differentiates into skeleton, muscle, and kidneys is

mesoderm

Which branchial arch forms the bones, muscles, and nerves of the face and the lower lip?

First

Which branchial arch forms the sides and front of the neck?

Second

The hard and soft palates are formed by the union of the primary and secondary

palates

When does the development of the human face occur in the prenatal period?

Fifth to eighth week

Which of the following environmental influences during pregnancy may cause anomalies?

all of the options

What factor(s) can have a prenatal influence on dental development?

genetics and environment

Name the processes for the laying down or adding of bone.

deposition

Name the process of bone loss or removal.

resorption

Growth, calcification, and _____ are the three primary periods in tooth formation.

eruption

The final stage in the growth period is the

bell

Dentin that forms before eruption and makes up the bulk of the tooth is ___?

primary dentin

What is the name of the process by which teeth move into a functional position in the oral cavity?

eruption

The portion of a tooth that is visible in the mouth is the ____.

clinical crown

The cementoenamel junction is located

between the cementum and the enamel

____ is the hardest substance in the human body.

Enamel

What is the largest mineral component in enamel?

calcium

Pain is transmitted through dentin by way of

dentinal fibers

They type of dentin that is also known as reparative dentin is

tertiary dentin

The pulp is made up of

blood vessels and nerves

What types of cells form the intercellular substance of the pulp?

fibroblasts

The primary function of the periodontium is

to support, maintain, and retain the tooth

Which type of oral mucosa forms the inside of the cheeks, lips, and soft palate?

lining mucosa

What is A?

Pulp horns

What is B?

Coronal pulp

What is C?

Accessory canal

What is D?

Radicular pulp

What is E?

Apical foramen

What is F?

Cementum

What is G?

Alveolar bone

What is H?

Periodontal ligament

The regions of the head include the frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal, orbital, nasal, infraorbital, buccal, oral, mental, and ____

zygomatic

What bone forms the forehead?

frontal

What bone forms the back and base of the cranium?

occipital

Which bone forms the cheek?

zygomatic

Which bones form the upper jaw and hard palate?

maxilla

Name the only movable bone of the face.

mandible

Where is the mental foramen located?

mandible

What are the basic types of movement of the TMJ?

hinge and glide

What type of sign or symptom may be a patient who is experiencing TMD exhibit.

pain

Which cranial nerve innervates all muscles of mastication?

fifth

What is the name of the horseshoe-shaped bone where the muscles of the tongue and the floor of the mouth attach?

hyoid

Which of the major salivary glands is the largest?

parotid

Which is another name for the parotid duct?

Stensen’s duct