Medical Terminology Chapter 4 (Job Corps)

Abdomin/o

Abdomen

An/o

Anus

Bi/o

Life

Cardi/o

Heart

Carp/o

Carpals

Carpals

Wrist bones

Cis/o

To cut

Cost/o

Ribs

Crani/o

Skull

Cutane/o

Skin

Dur/o

Dura mater

Dura mater

Outermost meningeal membrane surrounding the brain and spinal cord

Gen/o

To produce, to begin

Glyc/o

Sugar

Hemat/o

Blood

Later/o

Side

Men/o

Menses

Menses

Monthly discharge of blood from the lining of the uterus

Nat/i

Birth

Neur/o

Nerve

Norm/o

Rule, order

Oste/o

Bone

Ox/o

Oxygen

Peritone/o

Peritoneum

Peritoneum

Membrane surrounding the organs in the abdomen

Plas/o

Formation, growth, development

Ren/o

Kidney

Scapul/o

Scapula

Scapula

Shoulder blade

Son/o

Sound

Thyroid/o

Thyroid gland

Top/o

To put, place, position

Troph/o

Development, nourishment

Urethr/o

Urethra

Uter/o

Uterus

Ven/o

Vein

Vertebr/o

Vertebra

Vertebra

Backbone

-al

Pertaining to

-ation

Process, condition

-cision

Process of cutting

-crine

Secretion

-dipsia

Thirst

-emia

Blood condition

-gen

To produce

-graphy

Process of recording

-ia

Condition

-ic

Pertaining to

-ine

Pertaining to

-ism

Condition, process

-lapse

to fall, slide

-lysis

loosening, breakdown, separation, destruction

-meter

To measure

-mission

To send

-mortem

Death

-oma

Tumor, mass

-ous

Pertaining to

-partum

Birth

-pathy

Disease condition

-phagia

Eating

-phasia

Speech

-plasia

Formation (condition)

-plasm

Formation (tissue)

-plegia

Paralysis

-pnea

Breathing

-ptom

A happening

-rrhea

Flow, discharge

-scopy

Process of visual examination

-section

To cut

-stasis

To stand, place, stop, control

-tension

Pressure

-thesis

To put, place (state of putting or placing)

-tic

Pertaining to

-trophy

Nourishment; development

-um

Structure

-uria

Urine condition

-y

Process, condition

A-, an-

No, not, without

Ab-

Away from

Ad-

Toward, near

Aplastic anemia

Bone marrow fails to produce red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets

Hemolytic anemia

Red blood cells are destroyed (-LYTIC), and bone marrow cannot compensate for their loss. This condition can be hereditary or acquired or can occur when the immune system acts against normal red blood cells.

Iron deficiency anemia

Low iron levels lead to low hemoglobin concentration or deficiency of red blood cells

Pernicious anemia

Mucous membranes of the stomach fail to produce a substance necessary for the absorption of vitamin B12 and the proper formation of red blood cells.

Pernicious

Harmful

Sickle cell anemia

Erythrocytes assume an abnormal crescent or sick shape; this “sickling" is due to the inheritence of an abnormal type of hemoglobin. The sickle shaped cells clump together, causeing clots that blcok blood vessels.

Ana-

Up, apart

Ante-

Before, forward

Anti-

Against

Adrenal glands

The two pyrimide shaped endocrine glands that are above each kidney

Bi-

Two, both

Brady-

Slow

Con-

With, together

Syndactyly

Webbing of the toes

Dia-

Complete, through

Dys-

Bad, painful, difficult, abnormal

Ec-

Out, outside

-plasia

Formation

-phagia

Eating or swallowing

-phasia

Speech