Layer of Skin

Epidermis

The outermost layer of skin that protects your body.

Keratinization

The process where skin cells fill with keratin, harden, and move toward the surface.

Keratin

A tough protein that helps make skin strong and waterproof. It is also found in hair and nails.

Keratinocytes

The main cells of the epidermis that produce keratin.

Stratum corneum

The outermost layer of the epidermis, made mostly of dead, keratin-filled cells.

Stratum basale

The deepest layer of the epidermis where new skin cells are produced.

Basement membrane

A thin layer that attaches the epidermis to the dermis.

Melanin

A pigment that gives skin its color and helps protect it from UV radiation.

Melanocytes

Cells that produce melanin.

Dermis

The layer under the epidermis containing blood vessels, nerves, hair follicles, and glands.

Dermal papillae

Small projections of the dermis that extend into the epidermis and help connect the two layers.

Hypodermis / subcutaneous

The layer under the dermis, containing mostly fat and connective tissue; it helps insulate and cushion the body.