NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA AND BARRET ESOPHAGUS

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Last updated 7:25 AM on 3/28/26
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7 Terms

1
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NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA

  • squamous cell carcinoma

  • male incidence

  • high incidence in Southeast Asia

2
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aetiology of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

  1. EBV

  2. diets that have high nitroamine like fermented and salted food

  3. hereditary , age

  4. smoking and chemical fumes

3
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histological appearance of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

  1. non keratinizing SCC

  2. undifferentiated carcinoma

  3. keratinizing SCC

  • keratin pearl

  • intercellular bridge

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BARRET’S ESOPHAGUS

  • esophagus is ;lined by stratified squamous epithelium

  • definition → complication of chronic GERD that is characterized by intestinal metaplasia withing squamous epithelium

  • intestinal metaplasia → columnar epithelium + goblet cell

  • aetiopathogenesis → chronic GERD

  • clinical significance → premalignant condition

  • risk factor → smoking, obesity, male

  • location → lower third of esophagus p

5
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explain clinical importance of Barret’s esophagus

  1. precursor to esophageal carcinoma

  2. screening and surveillance → regular endoscopic monitoring

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gross features of barrets esophagus

  • tongue/ patches of red

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microscopic features of barrets esophagus

  1. intestinal metaplasia

  • columnar epithelium + goblet cells

  1. low and high grade dysplasia