Anatomy of ovaries and fallopian tubes

True/False: The only structure in the abdominopelvic cavity that is not covered by peritoneum is the ovary

True

The only true intraperitoneal structure is the

Ovary

Ovaries are connected to the uterine cornua medially by

Ovarian ligament

Anterior ovarian surface connected to the posterior surface of the broad ligament by the

Mesovarium

Infundibulopelvic ligament contains vessels and extends from the lateral pelvic wall to the …

Lateral ovary

Posterior to ovary

Ureter, internal iliac artery, and vein

Landmark for lateral aspect of adnexa

Iliopsoas muscle

Hilum of ovary is located on the _______ surface

Superoanterior

Premenopausal ovary size

3 × 2 × 1cm

Normal volume of ovary

6-13cc

Normal follicle size

Immature: 10mm or less

Dominant: 15-25mm

Another name for dominant follicle

Graafian follicle

Postmenopausal ovaries normally do not exceed __cm in any dimension or 8cc volume

2

Fossa of waldeyer (ovarian fossa)

Shallow peritoneal fossa on lateral pelvic wall

Bordered by ureter and iliac vessels

Cortex

Functional tissue of ovary

Composed of 1000s of oocytes embedded in connective tissue

Follicles form in cortex layer

Varies in thickness according to the age of individual

Several follicles can mature, but one egg is typically released from dominant follicle during each menstrual cycle

Medulla

Connective tissue and vessels that supply and drain cortex

No sonographic distinction between cortex and medulla

Blood supply to ovary comes from …

Uterine artery and ovarian arteries

Uterine arteries branch from …

Internal iliac arteries

Ovarian arteries branch from …

Anterior aorta below the renal arteries

Small branches of the uterine artery merge with branches of the ovarian artery near the uterine _______

Cornua

Right ovary vein empties into ____

IVC

Left ovarian vein empties into

Left renal vein

Fallopian tube is also known as

Oviducts, salpinges, or uterine tubes

Fallopian tubes

Trumpet-shaped muscular canals

8-14cm length

Tortuous

Extend from the cornua to medial ovary

Supplied with blood from vascular arch

Tube segments: Interstitial

AKA intramural

Short section that passes through the uterine wall

Most dangerous place for ectopic

Tube segments: Isthmus

Middle portion of fallopian tube

Tube segments: Ampulla

Widest and longest portion

Egg fertilization normally occurs here

Most ectopic pregnancies occur in this segment

Tube segments: Infundibulum

Contains fimbriae

Trumpet - shaped ends opens into pelvic peritoneal cavity

Wall layers or fallopian tube

Mucosal lining - contains cilia to help propel egg through tube

Muscle

Serosal coating

The _________ ligament connects the ovary to the uterine cornua ________connects the ovary to the lateral pelvic wall

Ovarian, infundibulopelvic

What sonographic landmark is preferred for location the ovaries

Iliac vessels

Most dangerous location for an ectopic pregnancy

Intersitial portion