Exam 3 CHA

Heartburn/regurgitation worse when lying down

GERD

Stomach protruding through diaphragm opening

Hiatal hernia

Burning epigastric pain on empty stomach; better with food/antiacids

Duodenal ucler

Sever cramping, persistent diarrhea, bloody stools, fever; remission/relapse

Crohn’s disease

Begins in rectum and moves through large intestine; possible colon cancer progression

Ulcerative colitis

Cramping pain in LLQ with nausea/vomiting/constipation

Diverticulitis

Jaundice, dark urine, tan stools, enlarged liver/spleen

Viral hepatitis or cirrhosis

Ascites, spider angiomas, hard palpable liver

Cirrhosis

RUQ pain radiating to right shoulder/scapula after fatty meal

Cholecysitis/ cholelithiasis

Severe steady LUQ pain; worse with food/alcohol; fetal position

pancreatitis

Frequency, urgency, dysuria; older adult may be confused

UTI

Sever flank pain, hematuria, fever; cannot lie still

nephrolithiasis

Pain begins at umbilicus and moves to RLQ; McBurney tenderness

Appendicitis

RUQ

Liver, Gallbladder

LUQ

Pancreas, spleen

RLQ

Appendix, colon

LLQ

Colon

Pain in LLQ

Diverticulitis

Diaphoresis

Excessive, abnormal sweating that is not caused by hot weather or physical exercise

Intermittent claudication

A muscle pain, cramping, or fatigue, most often in the calves, that happens when you exercise but goes away after a few minutes of rest.

Pneumothorax

A medical condition where air leaks into the space between your lungs and your chest wall.

Tension pneumothorax

Where air leaks into the space between the lung and chest wall and gets trapped and cannot escape

Accessory muscles

Secondary muscles that step in to help your body breathe when your main breathing muscles need extra support

Cirrhosis

Destruction of the liver cells. Become hardened and no longer functions properly

Contracture

Permanent tightening of the muscles, tendons, skin, and nearby tissues that causes the joints to shorten and become very stiff. This prevents normal movement of a joint or other body part

Ligaments

Strong dense flexible bands of connective tissue that hold bones to bones

Tendons

Strong nonelastic cords of collagen located at the ends of muscles to attach them to bones

Bursitis

inflammation of the bursae joint.

Open fracture

The skin or one of the body cavities is breached (INFECTION RISK)

Closed fracture

The overlying skin remains intact

Pathological fracture

Pts can sustain from insufficient integrity of the bone.

Ascities

Dilated veins, inverted umbilicus

Risk factors for colon cancer

Age, family history, genetics, bowel diseases, race, diet, weight, smoking, alcohol, type 2 diabetes

In what circumstances with a patient with abdominal pain, or dysfunction would i make them NPO?

Cholecystitis, kidney stone care

What factors affect mobility

Chronic illness, medications, trauma, surgery, family history, exercise, smoking, alcohol use, occupation, repetetive motions

Who is at risk for osteoporosis

Over 50, women, caucasian, asian, small bones thin women, long term steroid use

Who is at risk for osteoarthritis

Women, over 50, obese, history of joint injury, genetics

Clinical presentation of Rheumatoid arthritis

Pain, stiffness edema. Bilateral joint involvement. Fatigue, Morning pain and stiffness lasting >30 minutes

Clinical presentation of gout

Sudden and progressively severe onset of pain&

edema. onset of symptoms is often at night, Trauma, surgery, alcohol, and or infection can bring on.

Clinical presentation of osteoarthritis

Unilateral pain with movement.

Morning pain and stiffness lasting <30min

How do I document strengths?

0-5; 5 means full ROM against gravity with full resistance